Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of heat treatment on the optoelectronic performance of electrodeposited CdSe thin films

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work, a thin film of Cadmium selenide is deposited on fluorine tin oxide-coated glass substrate through a simplified 2-electrode electrodeposition technique. The performance of the as-deposited films is compared with its annealed counterparts at two different temperatures of 250 °C and 350 °C in air. The impacts of annealing on different physical characteristics of the prepared films were investigated with the help of an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and UV–Vis spectrometer. Studies on the photoresponse characteristics of the deposited films were also carried out. Structural analysis was done to determine the lattice parameters, size of the crystallite, dislocation density, and microstrain, utilizing the data from XRD analysis which exhibits a predominant orientation of CdSe films along (002) direction and showed the presence of hexagonal nanocrystalline phase. Morphological analysis shows larger grains for 350 °C-annealed sample than the as-grown and the 250 °C-annealed sample. The analysis of the optical property confirms a higher absorption in the visible region and shows a band gap of 1.65 eV at the annealing temperature of 350 °C. The photoresponse characteristic recorded a responsivity of 109 × 10–2 A/W, detectivity of 192 × 108 Jones, and an external quantum efficiency of 253% for the same sample which is annealed at higher temperature. The calculated rise time and decay time from the transient current characteristics at different incident power intensities were found to be 4.4 s and 5.1 s, respectively. The I–V characterization curve of the 350 °C-annealed CdSe sample affirms a good photocurrent response demonstrating that the heat treatment on the electrodeposited CdSe films improves its photodetecting capability that can be exploited for photodetector device applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig.1
Fig.2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The dataset generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

  1. R.I. Chowdhury, M.S. Islam, F. Sabeth, G. Mustafa, S.F.U. Farhad, D.K. Saha, F.A. Chowdhury, S. Hussain, A. Islam, Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 60, 137 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. D. Pathinettam Padiyan, A. Marikani, K.R. Murali, Mater. Chem. Phys. 78, 51 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Isshiki and J. Wang, in Springer Handb. Electron. Photonic Mater., edited by S. Kasap and P. Capper (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2017), p. 1.

  4. Y. Liu, F. Dai, R. Zhao, X. Huai, J. Han, L. Wang, J. Mater. Sci. 54, 8571 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. O.J.K. Yu, Y. Cui, C. Li, M.B. Zaman, R. Wilkins, X. Wu, Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 10, 1819 (2010)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. W.S. Lee, Y.G. Kang, H.K. Woo, J. Ahn, H. Kim, D. Kim, S. Jeon, M.J. Han, J.-H. Choi, S.J. Oh, Chem. Mater. 31, 9389 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. D. Spittel, J. Poppe, C. Meerbach, C. Ziegler, S.G. Hickey, A. Eychmüller, ACS Nano 11, 12174 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. A.B. Kashyout, H.M.A. Soliman, M. Fathy, E.A. Gomaa, A.A. Zidan, Int. J. Photoenergy 2012, 952610 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. F. Huang, L. Zhang, Q. Zhang, J. Hou, H. Wang, H. Wang, S. Peng, J. Liu, G. Cao, A.C.S. Appl, Mater. Interfaces 8, 34482 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. O. Zakharov, A. Rubio, M.L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. B 51, 4926 (1995)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. H.L. Das, J. Non-Oxide Glas. 1, 143 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  12. T. Logu, K. Sankarasubramanian, P. Soundarrajan, K. Sethuraman, Electron. Mater. Lett. 11, 206 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. M. Morales-Luna, M. A. Arvizu, M. Pérez-González, S. A. Tomás, (2019).

  14. S. Mathuri, K. Ramamurthi, R. Ramraj, Int. J. ChemTech Res. 7, 967 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  15. K. Patel, M. Jani, V. Pathak, R. Srivastava, Chalcogenide Lett. 6 (2009).

  16. H. Bayramoglu, A. Peksoz, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 90, 13 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. I.M. Dharmadasa, J. Haigh, J. Electrochem. Soc. 153, G47 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Z. Ahmad, Princ. Corros. Eng. Corros. Control, edited by Z. B. T.-P. of C. E. and C. C. Ahmad (Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2006), pp. 382–437.

  19. O.I. Olusola, O.K. Echendu, I.M. Dharmadasa, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 26, 1066 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. M.S. Kazacos, B. Miller, J. Electrochem. Soc. 127, 2378 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. M.A. Islam, I.P. Herman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3823 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. X.-Y. Yu, J.-Y. Liao, K.-Q. Qiu, D.-B. Kuang, C.-Y. Su, ACS Nano 5, 9494 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Hamilakis, D. Balgis, K. Milonakou-Koufoudaki, C. Mitzithra, C. Kollia, Z. Loizos, Mater. Lett. 145, 11 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ö. Sürücü, Hacettepe J. Biol. Chem. 48, 125 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  25. A. V Shaikh, S. G. Sayyed, S. Naeem, S. F. Shaikh, R. S. Mane, 79 (2021).

  26. N. Manikandan, G. Vinitha, and D. Rajasekar, Int. J. Control Theory Appl. 9 (2018).

  27. L. Zhao, L. Hu, X. Fang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 22, 1551 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. V.S. Raut, C.D. Lokhande, V.V. Killedar, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 28, 3140 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. S.A. Jassim, A.A. Rashid, A. Zumaila, G. Abdella, A. Al, Results Phys. 3, 173 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Z.M. Norman, N.C. Anderson, J.S. Owen, ACS Nano 8, 7513 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. M. Ali, W.A.A. Syed, M. Zubair, N.A. Shah, A. Mehmood, Appl. Surf. Sci. 284, 482 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. A.M.S. Arulanantham, S. Valanarasu, K. Jeyadheepan, A. Kathalingam, I. Kulandaisamy, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 28, 18675 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. P. Scherrer, Kolloidchem. Ein Lehrb. (1912), pp. 387–409.

  34. J.I. Langford, A.J.C. Wilson, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 11, 102 (1978)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. V. Uvarov, I. Popov, Mater. Charact. 85, 111 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. B. Sathyaseelan, E. Manikandan, I. Baskaran, K. Senthilnathan, K. Sivakumar, M.K. Moodley, R. Ladchumananandasivam, M. Maaza, J. Alloys Compd. 694, 556 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. S. Mathuri, K. Ramamurthi, R. Ramesh Babu, Thin Solid Films 625, 138 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. K.B. Chaudhari, N.M. Gosavi, N.G. Deshpande, S.R. Gosavi, J. Sci. Adv. Mater. Devices 1, 476 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. S.R. Vishwakarma, A. Kumar, S. Prasad, R.S.N. Tripathi, Chalcogenide Lett. 10, 393 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  40. V.R. Minnam Reddy, S. Gedi, C. Park, R.R. Ramakrishna, Curr. Appl. Phys. 15, 588 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. V. Senthil Kumar, Int. J. Adv. Sci. Tech. Res. 6 (2016).

  42. N. Habubi, S. Chiad, W. Abass, M.H. Absula-Allah, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 18, 822 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  43. M.M.D. Kumar, S. Devadason, J. Nano Electron. Phys. 5, 3007 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. A.S. Khomane, Mater. Res. Bull. 46, 1600 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. R.S. Singh, S. Bhushan, A.K. Singh, S.R. Deo, Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostructures 6, 403 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  46. P.P. Sahay, R.K. Nath, S. Tewari, Cryst. Res. Technol. 42, 275 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. A. Kariper, Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. Rapid Commun. 10, 541 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. M.L. Gaur, P.P. Hankare, K.M. Garadkar, S.D. Delekar, V.M. Bhuse, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 25, 190 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. F. Jin, M.-L. Zheng, M.-L. Zhang, Z.-S. Zhao, X.-M. Duan, RSC Adv. 4, 33206 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. K.C. Wilson, E. Manikandan, M. Basheer Ahamed, B.W. Mwakikunga, J. Alloys Compd. 585, 555 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. H. Sadekar, A. Ghule, R. Sharma, Int. J. Innov. Eng. Technol. 5, 35 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  52. S. Mahato, A.K. Kar, J. Sci. Adv. Mater. Devices 2, 165 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. S. Lou, C. Zhou, H. Wang, H. Shen, G. Cheng, Z. Du, S. Zhou, L. Li, Mater. Chem. Phys. - Mater Chem Phys 128, 483 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. M. Shkir, I. Ashraf, S. AlFaify, A.M. El Toni, M. Ahmed, A. Khan, Ceram. Int. 46, 4652 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. N.T. Shelke, S.C. Karle, B.R. Karche, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 31, 15061 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. D. Alagarasan, S. Varadharajaperumal, K. D. Arun Kumar, R. Naik, A. Arunkumar, R. Ganesan, G. Hegde, E. El Sayed Massoud, Opt. Mater. (Amst). 122 (2021).

  57. P. Chauhan, A.B. Patel, S. Narayan, J. Prasad, C.K. Sumesh, G.K. Solanki, K.D. Patel, S.S. Soni, P.K. Jha, V.M. Pathak, V. Patel, J. Alloys Compd. 862, 158016 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. W. Ren, Q. Tan, Q. Wang, Y. Liu, Chem. Eng. J. 406, 126779 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The author Ehab El Sayed Massoud would like to express his gratitude to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, for funding this work through Research Groups Program under Grant No. R.G.P.2/70/42.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, St. Joseph College of Arts and Science, Vaikalipatti, 627808, India

    A. M. S. Arulanantham & M. Maria Stephy

  2. Thin Film Research Centre, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, 638060, India

    K. V. Gunavathy

  3. Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, 608002, India

    N. Sundaramurthy

  4. Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India

    P. Mohanraj

  5. Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts in Dhahran Al Janoub, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Ehab El Sayed Massoud

  6. Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Ehab El Sayed Massoud

  7. Agriculture Research Centre, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

    Ehab El Sayed Massoud

Authors
  1. A. M. S. Arulanantham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Maria Stephy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. K. V. Gunavathy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. N. Sundaramurthy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. P. Mohanraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ehab El Sayed Massoud
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study, conception, and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by AMSA, MMS, NS, PM, and EESM. The first draft of the manuscript was written by KVG and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K. V. Gunavathy.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Arulanantham, A.M.S., Stephy, M.M., Gunavathy, K.V. et al. Influence of heat treatment on the optoelectronic performance of electrodeposited CdSe thin films. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 10814–10827 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08062-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08062-7

Search

Navigation