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Effect of Cr doping on the phase structure, surface appearance and magnetic property of BiFeO3 thin films prepared via sol–gel technology

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Abstract

Multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) and BiFe1−xCrxO3 (BF1−xCxO, x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2) thin films were successfully synthesized on silicon (111) substrates via sol–gel technology. The effect of Cr3+ ion doping on the phase structure, surface morphology, valence states for Fe element and magnetic property was investigated. The introduction for simulation images of ionic space arrangement was to better comprehend the substitution site and superexchange interaction between the Fe3+ (Cr3+) and O2− ions. The phase structure of Cr-doping thin films transition from rhombohedral to orthorhombic was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman measurements, and the obtained results also demonstrated that the Cr3+ ions successfully located in Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions sites of BFO lattice system. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) patterns clearly exhibited that the grains sizes were remarkably decreased by Cr3+ ions doping, and the surfaces textures got glossier and smoother judging from the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) images. The dense surface structure can restrict the O2− ions escaping from the lattices system, which is beneficial for the release of magnetic property due to superexchange interaction of improvement. It was found that the saturation magnetization (Ms) was significantly linearly increased accompanying the adding of Cr-doping due to destroying of spatial modulation helical structure and enhancing of superexchange interaction. Moreover, the Hall-effect results firstly revealed that the carrier concentration and mobility rate played significant roles in magnetoelectric effect behaviors.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51441006), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51608226) and the Program for the development of Science and Technology of Jilin province (Item No. 20150204085GX).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun, 130103, People’s Republic of China

    Ji Qi, Yilin Zhang, Yanqing Liu, Maobin Wei, Junkai Zhang, Ming Feng & Jinghai Yang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People’s Republic of China

    Yuhan Wang

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  1. Ji Qi
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  2. Yilin Zhang
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  3. Yuhan Wang
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  7. Ming Feng
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Correspondence to Ji Qi, Yanqing Liu or Jinghai Yang.

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Qi, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y. et al. Effect of Cr doping on the phase structure, surface appearance and magnetic property of BiFeO3 thin films prepared via sol–gel technology. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28, 17490–17498 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-7684-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-7684-x

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