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Positron annihilation spectroscopic studies of ferromagnetic methylammonium lead iodide perovskite

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Abstract

Point defects in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) are believed to be the source of its room-temperature ferromagnetic behavior. The existence of room-temperature ferromagnetism observed through the hysteresis in the M-H (magnetization vs. magnetic field) curve proves that ferromagnetism is possible even at room temperature in the tetragonal phases of MAPbI3 system. Employing positron annihilation spectroscopy, the presence of a significant amount of point defects in the ball-mill ground MAPbI3 sample has been identified. Coincidence Doppler broadening spectroscopy identifies that the point defects are mostly iodine vacancy (V˙I) in MAPbI3. Experimental data supports the theoretical prediction of iodine vacancy (V˙I)-induced ferromagnetism in the cubic phase which exists at a little higher temperature than the room-temperature tetragonal phase for MAPbI3. Moreover, the ab-initio band structure calculation shows the n-/p-type semiconducting behavior due to the vacancy formation in MAPbI3. Ferromagnetism along with semiconducting properties makes it viable for spintronics applications.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Sudipta Moshat gratefully acknowledge HBNI, Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, for research fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India

    Sudipta Moshat & Dirtha Sanyal

  2. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India

    Sudipta Moshat & Dirtha Sanyal

  3. Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India

    Joydeep Dhar

  4. Department of Physics, Institute of Engineering and Management, University of Engineering and Management, University Area, Action Area III, B/5, New Town, Kolkata, 700160, India

    Sayantan Sil

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  1. Sudipta Moshat
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Contributions

SM was involved in measurement, data curation, data analysis, preparation of figures, writing—draft, and writing—review and editing. SS helped in conceptualization, measurements, data analysis, formalism of methodology, supervision, and writing—draft. JD participated in data curation and writing—review and editing. DS was involved in conceptualization, experimental design and carrying out measurement, formalism of methodology, supervision, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Dirtha Sanyal.

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Moshat, S., Dhar, J., Sil, S. et al. Positron annihilation spectroscopic studies of ferromagnetic methylammonium lead iodide perovskite. J Mater Sci 59, 3919–3929 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09450-6

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