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Effect of catalyst type on the type and size of nano-diamond synthesized by chlorine gas etching of Ti3C2 MXene under ambient pressure

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Abstract

Recently, we have successfully achieved the atmospheric pressure catalytic synthesis of nanodiamonds by applying high stress to Ti3C2/Ni composite and then performing chlorine gas etching at atmospheric pressure. In this work, we chose three different catalysts (Fe, Co and Ni), with Ti3C2 as the precursor, aiming to investigate the effect of catalyst type on the synthesis of NDs. The results show that all three catalysts can catalyze the synthesis of NDs and that the crystal type and plasticity of the catalysts may have an important effect on the type and size of the resulting ND. When Fe and Ni were used as catalysts, the percentage of C-type NDs obtained was higher than that of C-type NDs catalyzed by Co (hexagonal close-packed crystal structure) due to its face-centered cubic crystal structure. In contrast, more H-type NDs were catalytically synthesized when Co (hexagonal close-packed crystal structure) was used as the catalyst. In addition, the number of small-size NDs (< 10 nm) catalytically synthesized by Co was significantly more than that catalytically synthesized by Fe and Ni, this may be caused by the poor plasticity of Co with a hexagonal close-packed crystal structure compared to Fe and Ni with a face-centered cubic crystal structure.

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Data and code availability

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Projects 52172052 and 51872253) and Innovation Ability Promotion Program of Hebei (22567609H).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China

    Zhao Zhang, Huaxin Ma, Jingjie Zhang, Shuo Li & Ruijun Zhang

  2. Hebei Key Lab for Optimizing Metal Product Technology and Performance, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China

    Zhao Zhang, Huaxin Ma, Jingjie Zhang, Shuo Li & Ruijun Zhang

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  1. Zhao Zhang
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ZZ: conceptualization and writing-original draft. HM: investigation and formal analysis. JZ: investigation. SL: formal analysis. RZ: writing-reviewing and editing, project administration, and supervision.

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Correspondence to Ruijun Zhang.

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Zhang, Z., Ma, H., Zhang, J. et al. Effect of catalyst type on the type and size of nano-diamond synthesized by chlorine gas etching of Ti3C2 MXene under ambient pressure. J Mater Sci 59, 2814–2827 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09363-4

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