Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Microstructure development in eutectic Al–Fe alloy during directional solidification under high magnetic fields at different growth velocities

  • Metals & corrosion
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, the Al-1.9 wt.% Fe alloy was directionally solidified at different growth velocities under various high magnetic fields. The effect of high magnetic fields on microstructural evolution of the alloys during directional solidification and their dependence on the growth velocity were investigated. The microstructures near the transition growth regions of the alloys between two different growth velocities were observed. With increasing growth velocity, the microstructure exhibited a eutectic to cellular eutectic to hypoeutectic structure transformation. Applying high magnetic fields increased the spacing of the eutectic Al3Fe phase and decreased the alignment degree of the eutectic Al3Fe phase at 1 µm/s, decreased the size of the eutectic cells at 10 µm/s, and promoted development and branching of the primary Al dendrites at 100 µm/s. Near the transition growth region, applying high magnetic fields stopped the growth of existing eutectic Al3Fe and promoted nucleation of the new eutectic Al3Fe phase for 1–10 μm/s, and accelerated transformation of the growth behavior from cellular eutectic to hypoeutectic for 10–100 μm/s. The evolution of the eutectic growth behavior caused by the high magnetic fields can be attributed to suppression of convection and the corresponding decrease in solute migration owing to the Lorentz force.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hunt JD, Jackson KA (1966) Binary eutectic solidification. Trans Metall Soc AIME 236:843–852

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Nourbakhsh S, Sahin O, Rhee WH, Margolin H (1992) Microstructural characterization of a zirconia-toughened alumina fiber reinforced niobium aluminide composite. Acta Metall Mater 40:285–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-7151(92)90303-V

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Mendiratta MG, Dimiduk DM (1993) Strength and toughness of a Nb/Nb5Si3 composite. Metall Trans A 24:501–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02657338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Faivre G (1996) Morphological instabilities of lamellar eutectic growth fronts: a survey of recent experimental and numerical results. J Cryst Growth 166:29–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(96)00072-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Magnin P, Trivedi R (1991) Eutectic growth: a modification of the Jackson and Hunt theory. Acta Metall Mater 39:453–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-7151(91)90114-G

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Rios CT, Milenkovic S, Ferrandini PL, Caram R (2005) Directional solidification, microstructure and properties of the Al3Nb-Nb2Al eutectic. J Cryst Growth 275:e153–e158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.10.100

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Sun Z, Guo M, Vleugels J, Van der Biest O, Blanpain B (2013) Processing of non-ferromagnetic materials in strong static magnetic field. Curr Opin Solid State Mater Sci 17:193–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2013.05.001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Liu T, Wang Q, Yuan Y, Wang K, Li G (2018) High-gradient magnetic field-controlled migration of solutes and particles and their effects on solidification microstructure: a review. Chin Phys B. https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/27/11/118103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wang J, Li J, Wang J, Bu F, Kou H, Li C, Zhang P, Beaugnon E (2018) Effect of solidification on microstructure and properties of FeCoNi(AlSi)0.2 high-entropy alloy under strong static magnetic field. Entropy. https://doi.org/10.3390/e20040275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Dong S, Liu T, Dong M, Guo X, Yuan S, Wang Q (2020) Enhanced magnetostriction of Tb-Dy-Fe via simultaneous 〈111〉-crystallographic orientation and -morphological alignment induced by directional solidification in high magnetic fields. Appl Phys Lett 116:053903

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang Q, Liu T, Wang K, Gao P, Liu Y, He J (2014) Progress on High magnetic field-controlled transport phenomena and their effects on solidification microstructure. ISIJ Int 54:516–525. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.54.516

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Utech HP, Flemings MC (1996) Elimination of solute banding in indium antimonide crystals by growth in a magnetic field. J Appl Phys 37:2021. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1708664

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Liu T, Miao L, Wang K, Wang L, Sun J, Wang Q (2018) High magnetic-field-induced solute interception among dendrite arms in the mushy zone of a Mn-Sb alloy. J Appl Phys. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5031047

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Li X, Fautrelle Y, Ren Z (2007) Influence of thermoelectric effects on the solid-liquid interface shape and cellular morphology in the mushy zone during the directional solidification of Al-Cu alloys under a magnetic field. Acta Mater 55:3803–3813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2007.02.031

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Wang J, Fautrelle Y, Ren ZM, Li X, Nguyen-Thi H, Mangelinck-Noël N, Salloum Abou Jaoude G, Zhong YB, Kaldre I, Bojarevics A, Buligins L (2012) Thermoelectric magnetic force acting on the solid during directional solidification under a static magnetic field. Appl Phys Lett 25:251904

    Google Scholar 

  16. Liu T, Wang Q, Gao A, Zhang C, Wang C, He J (2007) Fabrication of functionally graded materials by a semi-solid forming process under magnetic field gradients. Scr Mater 57:992–995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.08.011

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Liu T, Wang Q, Gao A, Zhang H, Wang K, He J (2010) Distribution of alloying elements and the corresponding structural evolution of Mn-Sb alloys in high magnetic field gradients. J Mater Res 25:1718–1727. https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2010.0226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Liu T, Wang Q, Hirota N, Liu Y, Chen S, He J (2011) In situ control of the distributions of alloying elements in alloys in liquid state using high magnetic field gradients. J Cryst Growth 335:121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.08.045

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Wu M, Liu T, Dong M, Sun J, Dong S, Wang Q (2017) Directional solidification of Al-8 wt. %Fe alloy under high magnetic field gradient. J Appl Phys 12:064901

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Qin J, Bian X, Sliusarenko S, Wang W (1998) Pre-peak in the structure factor of liquid Al-Fe alloy. J Phys Condens Mat 10:1211–1218. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/10/6/004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Suk MJ, Moon IH (1991) Coupled region and area fraction of primary phases in Sb-InSb eutectic alloys. J Mater Sci 26:4931–4936. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00549873

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Wang Q, Dong M, Sun J, Liu T, Yuan Y (2018) Control of solidification process and fabrication of functional materials with high magnetic fields. Acte Metall Sin 54(2018):742–756. https://doi.org/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00535  

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Li X, Gagnoud A, Ren Z, Fautrelle Y, Moreau R (2009) Investigation of thermoelectric magnetic convection and its effect on solidification structure during directional solidification under a low axial magnetic field. Acta Mater 57:2180–2197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2009.01.016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Hunt JD (1999) Pattern formation in solidification. Mater Sci Technol 15:9–14. https://doi.org/10.1179/026708399773002755

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kang HS, Yoon WY, Kim KH, Kim MH, Yoon YP (2005) Microstructure selections in the undercooled hypereutectic Al-Si alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 404:117–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.05.041

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. da Silveira AF, de Castro WB, Luciano BA, Kiminami CS (2004) Microstructure of under-cooled Sn-Bi and Al-Si alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 375–377:473–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.017

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Plapp M, Karma A (1999) Eutectic colony formation: a stability analysis. Phys Rev E 60:6865. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.60.6865

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) (51774086, 51690161, and 21701022), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N170902002, N180915002 and N170908001), and Liaoning Innovative Research Team in University, China (LT2017011).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Pengcheng Tang, Yuhang Tian, Sishuo Liu, Yupin Lv, Yifei Xie, Jinge Yan, Tie Liu & Qiang Wang

  2. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Pengcheng Tang, Yuhang Tian, Sishuo Liu, Yupin Lv, Yifei Xie & Jinge Yan

  3. State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Pengcheng Tang, Yuhang Tian, Sishuo Liu, Yupin Lv, Yifei Xie & Jinge Yan

Authors
  1. Pengcheng Tang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yuhang Tian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sishuo Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yupin Lv
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yifei Xie
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jinge Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Tie Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Qiang Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tie Liu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

We declare that we have no financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that can inappropriately influence our work and there is no professional or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service and company.

Additional information

Handling Editor: M. Grant Norton.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tang, P., Tian, Y., Liu, S. et al. Microstructure development in eutectic Al–Fe alloy during directional solidification under high magnetic fields at different growth velocities. J Mater Sci 56, 16134–16144 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06298-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06298-y

Search

Navigation