Abstract
The study of the collapse of past societies raises many questions for the theory and practice of archaeology. Interest in collapse extends as well into the natural sciences and environmental and sustainability policy. Despite a range of approaches to collapse, the predominant paradigm is environmental collapse, which I argue obscures recognition of the dynamic role of social processes that lie at the heart of human communities. These environmental discourses, together with confusion over terminology and the concepts of collapse, have created widespread aporia about collapse and resulted in the creation of mixed messages about complex historical and social processes.
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Acknowledgments
I thank Gary Feinman, George Cowgill, Oliver Dickinson, Linda Nicholas, and the six anonymous reviewers for their constructive criticism and numerous suggestions, all of which have improved this article. I am also grateful to Halvard Buhaug, Mike Charles, Elizabeth French, Mark Geller, Maria Iacovou, Jane Rempel, and Tom Tartaron, who kindly sent me copies of their work, and to Peter Robinson who discussed an early draft.
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Middleton, G.D. Nothing Lasts Forever: Environmental Discourses on the Collapse of Past Societies. J Archaeol Res 20, 257–307 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-011-9054-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-011-9054-1