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Circulating MiRNAs Are Associated With Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Leptin Levels in Older Adults

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Abstract

Inflammaging refers to the low-grade systemic inflammation that occurs with aging present in chronic non-communicable diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for these diseases in older adults. This study aimed to assess the expression of 21 circulating miRNAs and their associations with inflammatory biomarkers in older adults. This cross-sectional study was performed with 200 individuals participating in ISA-Nutrition. The systemic low-grade inflammation score (SIS) was calculated from the plasma concentration of 10 inflammatory biomarkers. Circulating miRNA expression was assessed using the Fluidigm method. Wilcoxon-Mann–Whitney test was employed to determine differences in SIS among groups distributed according to sex and presence of MetS. Spearman’s correlation was used to estimate correlations among SIS, leptin levels, miRNA expression, and variables of interest. Analyses were performed using software R version 4.2.3, with a significance level of 0.05. The final sample consisted of 193 individuals with a mean age of 69.1 (SE = 0.5) years, being 64.7% individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Positive correlations were observed between leptin concentration and metabolic risk factors, and leptin concentration was higher in individuals with MetS compared to those without MetS. The expression of 15 circulating miRNAs was negatively correlated with leptin concentration. GLMs showed negative associations between miRNAs (miR-15a, miR-16, miR-223, miR-363, miR-532), leptin, and/or SIS values; and only miR-21 showed positive association with SIS values. The results suggest the presence of peripheral leptin resistance associated with low-grade inflammation and plasma expression of miRNAs in older adults. These findings suggest the potential role of miRNAs as biomarkers for cardiometabolic risk.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This paper was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP (Grant 2020/03104–5 | Grant 2019/22934–1 | Grant 2017/05125–7); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq (Grant 150834/2020–9). The funding agencies’ had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report, or decision to submit the article for publication.

Funding

This paper was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation—FAPESP (Grant 2020/03104–5 | Grant 2019/22934–1); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq (Grant 150834/2020–9). The sponsors had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report, or decision to submit the article for publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil

    Gabrielli B. Carvalho, Paula N. Brandão-Lima, Tanyara B. Payolla, Regina M. Fisberg & Marcelo M. Rogero

  2. Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil

    Sadraque E. F. Lucena

  3. School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, 1000 Arlindo Bettio Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 03828-000, Brazil

    Flávia M. Sarti

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  1. Gabrielli B. Carvalho
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Conceptualization: [Gabrielli Barbosa de Carvalho], [Marcelo Macedo Rogero]; Methodology: [Gabrielli Barbosa de Carvalho], [Marcelo Macedo Rogero]; Formal analysis and investigation: [Gabrielli Barbosa de Carvalho], [Flávia Mori Sarti], [Sadraque Enéas de Figueirêdo Lucena]; Writing – original draft preparation: [Gabrielli Barbosa de Carvalho]; Writing – review and editing: [Paula Nascimento Brandão-Lima], [Tanyara Baliani Payolla], [Sadraque Enéas de Figuerêdo Lucena] [Flávia Mori Sarti], [Regina Mara Fisberg], [Marcelo Macedo Rogero]. All authors have read and approved the version of the paper.

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Correspondence to Marcelo M. Rogero.

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This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Public Health of the University of São Paulo (# 49221121.4.0000.5421 and # 30848914.7.0000.5421 for Isa-Nutrition). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Carvalho, G.B., Brandão-Lima, P.N., Payolla, T.B. et al. Circulating MiRNAs Are Associated With Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Leptin Levels in Older Adults. Inflammation 46, 2132–2146 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-023-01867-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-023-01867-6

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