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Evidence for the importance of invasive Dreissena veligers as a novel prey item for larval fish in Lake Huron

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Abstract

The establishment of invasive dreissenid mussels Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena rostriformis bugensis in the Laurentian Great Lakes has affected multiple aspects of the ecosystem. However, the effects of their larvae (veligers) on lower trophic levels are relatively unknown. Previous research has documented that some larval fishes consume veligers, but it is unclear if they select for veligers. To assess the role of veligers in larval fish diets in Lake Huron, we examined the diets of larval burbot Lota lota, rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax, and Coregonus spp., mainly bloater Coregonus hoyi, sampled in July of 2017. Preference for available zooplankton prey was evaluated using Vanderploeg and Scavia’s E*. Results indicated that veligers were on average avoided by large larval burbot, rainbow smelt, and coregonines but were sometimes preferred by small (< 7 mm) and medium-sized (7–10 mm) larval burbot. A mixed model analyzing factors contributing to veliger preference by larval burbot indicated that greater environmental zooplankton prey size is associated with more positive preference for veligers. Thus, veligers may be important for gape-limited larval fish. We also found that, on average, larval burbot and coregonines consumed larger veligers than those sampled in the environment. Overall, consideration of larval fishes’ ability to exploit veligers could help managers to understand the role of dreissenid mussels in Great Lakes food webs.

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Data availability

The zooplankton data used in this manuscript can be found here: Bunnell, D.B., Armenio, P.M., Eaton, L.A., and Watson, N.M., 2021, 2017 Zooplankton Data from Lake Huron: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BNQPPM. The ichthyoplankton and other datasets are available here: Dieter, P.M., Eaton, L.A., Marano, E.C., and Bunnell, D.B., 2022, Larval fish and water profile data from Lake Huron in 2017: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q8KNZC.

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Funding

This research was funded by the Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, in support of the Lake Huron Cooperative Science and Monitoring Initiative, as well as support from the University of Michigan School for Environment and Sustainability. We appreciate assistance from Lauren Eaton, Wendy Stott, Lindsie Egedy, Anne Cotter, and Darren Kirkendall for their assistance in the laboratory and with the data. We are grateful to the science and vessel crew of the R/V Sturgeon who assisted in the collection of samples for this study. We also appreciate the support provided by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources during manuscript revisions. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.

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  1. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Charlevoix Fisheries Research Station, 96 Grant Street, Charlevoix, MI, 49720, USA

    Ellary C. Marano

  2. Great Lakes Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 1451 Green Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    David B. Bunnell & Patricia M. Dieter

  3. School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Karen M. Alofs

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Marano, E.C., Bunnell, D.B., Dieter, P.M. et al. Evidence for the importance of invasive Dreissena veligers as a novel prey item for larval fish in Lake Huron. Hydrobiologia 850, 3497–3516 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-023-05250-2

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