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Local Perceptions in the Implementation of the Sembrando Vida Program in Southern Mexico

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Abstract

In Mexico, social programs such as Sembrando Vida seek to massively expand agroforestry systems to address the problem of rural poverty and the loss of natural resources. However, little is known regarding program implementation and the response by the beneficiaries within their local context. We explored the local perceptions about the Sembrando Vida program implemented in the X-Hazil Sur Maya community in the state of Quintana Roo in southern Mexico through interviews with beneficiaries and operational personnel of the program and visited production units. Our results show that the program faces practical problems of establishing agroforestry systems and in their long-term maintenance by the local beneficiaries. If public policies are to effectively address poverty and environmental degradation local stakeholders must be involved in the design and planning of long-term strategies.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available to protect the confidentiality and personal information of respondents. However, data is available upon request in a pseudonymised way to safeguard the identity of the participants.

Notes

  1. The ejidatario is the owner of ejido rights, the comunero is the owner concerning communal rights, the possessors are those who own parcel rights but with restrictions in the ejido, and the successors are those to whom the ejidatario has the power to assign their ejido rights (DOF, 2022).

  2. The avecindados are subjects of legal age who have resided for a year or more in the ejido, are recognized by the assembly, and enjoy the rights that the agrarian law confers on them (DOF, 2022).

  3. Calculated by CONEVAL, at the beginning of the Sembrando Vida program in 2019 as $ 2,411.22 MNX ($ 125.20 USD), Retrieved from: http://sistemas.coneval.org.mx/InfoPobreza/Pages/wfrLineaBienestar?pAnioInicio=2016&pTipoIndicador=0.

  4. The MIAF system is composed of an intercropped design of basic crops (e.g., corn, beans, and/or alfalfa) and fruit trees under intense agronomic interaction; its origin dates to the 1990s in the states of Puebla, Oaxaca, State of Mexico, Veracruz, and Chiapas (Cortés-Flores et al., 2007).

  5. Agreement of wills signed in writing in which one of the parties, the ejidatario owner, gives the other party, called a sharecropper, a 2.5 ha plot of land for the PSV. The benefits tol be shared in the way they agree on, but at least 50% for the sharecropper (DOF 2019a).

  6. This program was launched in 2019 to provide job training opportunities to young people between 18 and 29 years old who do not work and are not studying at the time of requesting their incorporation through training in a work center, with an economic scholarship of $3,600.00 MNX (USD 187.00) and medical insurance (DOF 2019c).

  7. 94% of the beneficiaries established the productive units in areas of vegetation less than 15 years old.

  8. There is also an area north of X-Hazil Sur dedicated to the production and export of this species (de Dios et al., 2014).

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Acknowledgements

We kindly acknowledged the reviews of two anonymous reviewers. Also, authors Jorge Omar López-Martínez and Jovanka Špirić are grateful to Investigadores por México (Cátedras-CONACYT) projects 2179 (Adaptación al Cambio Climático en la Producción Agropecuaria y Forestal en la Frontera Sur) and 1539 (Evaluación de la Degradación Forestal: Clave para la Mitigación y Adaptación al Cambio Climático), respectively.

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CONACyT no. 991501.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Agricultura Sociedad y Ambiente, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico

    Gabriel Alejandro Gómez-Rodriguez, Jorge Omar López-Martínez & Pedro Antonio Macario-Mendoza

  2. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Jorge Omar López-Martínez

  3. Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico

    Jovanka Špirić

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Contributions

GAGR and JOLM conceived and designed the study. GAGR analyzed the data, prepared figures and tables. GARG and JOLM wrote drafts of the paper and approved the final draft; JS and PAM reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jorge Omar López-Martínez.

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Gómez-Rodriguez, G.A., López-Martínez, J.O., Špirić, J. et al. Local Perceptions in the Implementation of the Sembrando Vida Program in Southern Mexico. Hum Ecol 51, 379–395 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-023-00436-7

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