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Skeletal muscle inflammation and atrophy in heart failure

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Abstract

Heart failure represents a systemic disease with profound effects on multiple peripheral tissues including skeletal muscle. Within the context of heart failure, perturbations in skeletal muscle physiology, structure, and function strongly contribute to exercise intolerance and the morbidity of this devastating disease. There is growing evidence that chronic heart failure imparts specific pathological changes within skeletal muscle beds resulting in muscle dysfunction and tissue atrophy. Mechanistically, systemic and local inflammatory responses drive critical aspects of this pathology. In this review, we will discuss pathological mechanisms that drive skeletal muscle inflammation and highlight emerging roles for distinct innate immune subsets that reside within damage muscle tissue focusing on the recently described embryonic and monocyte-derived macrophage lineages. Within this context, we will discuss how immune mechanisms can be differentially targeted to stimulate skeletal muscle inflammation, catabolism, fiber atrophy, and regeneration.

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Acknowledgements

Lavine is supported by funding from Children’s Discovery Institute of Washington University and St. Louis Children’s Hospital (CHII2015-462), Foundation of Barnes-Jewish Hospital (8038-88), Burroughs Foundation Welcome Fund, and NIH K08 HL123519.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8086, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Kory J. Lavine & Oscar L. Sierra

  2. Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Kory J. Lavine

  3. Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Kory J. Lavine

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  1. Kory J. Lavine
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  2. Oscar L. Sierra
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Lavine, K.J., Sierra, O.L. Skeletal muscle inflammation and atrophy in heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 22, 179–189 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-016-9593-0

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