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A predictive and prescriptive analytical framework for scheduling language medical interpreters

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Abstract

Although most hospitals in the United States provide medical services in English, a significant percentage of the U.S. population uses languages other than English. Mostly, the interpreting department in a hospital finds interpreters for limited English proficiency (LEP) patients, including inpatients, outpatients, and emergency patients. The department employs full-time and part-time interpreters to cover the demand of LEP patients. Two main challenges are facing an interpreting department: 1) there are many interpreting agencies in the market in which part-time interpreters can be chosen from. Selecting a part-time interpreter with the best service quality and lowest hourly rate makes the scheduling process difficult. 2) the arrival of LEP emergency patients must be predicted to make sure that LEP emergency patients are covered and to avoid any service delay. This paper proposes a framework for scheduling full-time and part-time interpreters for medical centers. Firstly, we develop a prediction model to forecast LEP patient demand in the emergency department (ED). Secondly, we develop a multi-objective integer programming (MOIP) model to assign interpreters to inpatient, outpatient, and emergency LEP patients. The goal is to minimize the total interpreting cost, maximize the quality of the interpreting service, and maximize the utilization of full-time interpreters. Various experiments are conducted to show the robustness and practicality of the proposed framework. The schedules generated by our model are compared with the schedules generated by the interpreting department of a partner hospital. The results show that our model produces better schedules with respect to all three objectives.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Business Department, University of Minnesota, Crookston, MN, USA

    Abdulaziz Ahmed

  2. Cloudbreak Healthath, Bloomington, MN, USA

    Elizabeth Frohn

Authors
  1. Abdulaziz Ahmed
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  2. Elizabeth Frohn
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Correspondence to Abdulaziz Ahmed.

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Appendix

Appendix

Table 5 Full-time interpreter availability \( \left({A}_{it}^f\right) \)
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Table 6 Patient interpreter match matrix \( \left({z}_{in}^f\right) \)
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Table 7 Patient arrival matrix (Dnt)
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Table 8 Interpreter schedule for Day 1
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Table 9 Interpreter schedule for Day 2
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Table 10 Interpreter schedule for Day 3
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Table 11 Interpreter schedule for Day 4
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Table 12 Interpreter schedule for Day 5
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Ahmed, A., Frohn, E. A predictive and prescriptive analytical framework for scheduling language medical interpreters. Health Care Manag Sci 24, 531–550 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10729-020-09536-y

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