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Effects of dietary berberine on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity and lipometabolism-related genes expression of AMPK signaling pathway in juvenile black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) fed high-fat diets

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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with berberine on growth, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity and lipometabolism-related genes expression of AMPK signaling pathway in juvenile black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus). Five hundred and forty healthy fish (4.04 ± 0.01 g) were randomly distributed into six groups, and fed six experimental diets: normal-fat diet (NFD, 5% fat), HFD (15% fat), and four HFDs supplemented with graded levels of berberine, respectively. The results showed that, compared with fish fed NFD, HFD had no effects on the growth of fish except for reducing survival rate, whereas HFD caused extensive lipid accumulation, oxidative stress injury and hepatic abnormalities. However, compared with the HFD group, fish fed HFD containing an appropriate berberine (98.26 or 196.21 mg/kg) improved the growth performance, increased hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant enzymes activities, and up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of ampk subunits and lipolysis genes such as pparα, cpt-1, acox, atgl and hsl (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, HFD supplemented with an appropriate berberine reduced crude lipid contents in liver and whole-body, decreased serum lipid contents, and ALT and AST activities, and down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of lipogenesis genes such as srebp-1, acc1, gpat, fas and pparγ, and lipid transporter genes such as fatp, fabp and fat/cd36 (P < 0.05). Thus, HFD supplemented with an appropriate berberine could improve growth of black carp, promote lipid metabolism and enhance antioxidant capacity. The lipid-lowering mechanism of berberine might be mediated by activating AMPK pathway, up-regulating lipolysis genes expression, and down-regulating lipogenesis and transport genes expression.

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Data availability

All data used to support the study’s conclusions are contained in this published article; further details can be requested from the corresponding authors.

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Abbreviations

acc1 :

Cetyl-CoA carboxylase 1

acox :

Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase

ALT:

Alanine aminotransferase

AMPK:

AMP-activated protein kinase

AST:

Aspartate aminotransferase

atgl :

Adipose triglyceride lipase

cpt-1 :

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1

fabp :

Fatty acids binding protein

fas :

Fatty acid synthetase

fat/cd36 :

Fatty acid translocase

fatp :

Fatty acid transport protein

gpat :

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase

hsl :

Hormone sensitive lipase

pparα :

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

pparγ :

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

srebp-1 :

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1

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Funding

This work was jointly supported by the Basic and Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province in China (LGN20C190006), Research on Public Welfare Technology Application of Science and Technology Project of Huzhou in China (2020GZ09), Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-45) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31372544).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China

    Jian-Hua Ming, Ting Wang, Ting-Hui Wang, Jin-Yun Ye, Yi-Xiang Zhang, Xia Yang & Xian-Ping Shao

  2. College of Life Science, Huzhou University, No. 759 East 2Nd Road, Huzhou, 313000, People’s Republic of China

    Jian-Hua Ming & Jin-Yun Ye

  3. Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China

    Zhong-Ying Ding

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  1. Jian-Hua Ming
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  2. Ting Wang
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Contributions

Jianhua Ming: Methodology, Conceptualization, Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing-original draft, review and editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Ting Wang and Tinghui Wang: Investigation, Data curation. Jinyun Ye: Conceptualization, Writing-review & editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Yixiang Zhang: Methodology, Validation. Xia Yang: Methodology, Formal analysis. Xianping Shao: Methodology, Data curation. Zhongying Ding: Methodology, Visualization.

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Correspondence to Jian-Hua Ming.

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Ming, JH., Wang, T., Wang, TH. et al. Effects of dietary berberine on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity and lipometabolism-related genes expression of AMPK signaling pathway in juvenile black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) fed high-fat diets. Fish Physiol Biochem 49, 769–786 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01143-8

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