Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the whole-organism and cellular level responses to different combinations of water temperature and salinity of the notothenioid Patagonotothen cornucola at the end of the yolk-sac larval stage. Egg masses of the species were collected in the wild and then maintained at natural water conditions (4 °C and 30 PSU). Newly hatched larvae were placed in aquaria with different combinations of water temperature (4 °C, 12 °C, and 16 °C) and salinity (15 and 30 PSU) during four days before yolk sac absorption. Larvae exposed to 12 °C grew more in length than those exposed to 16 °C, but yolk volume was more reduced in larvae exposed to 16 °C than those exposed to 4 °C and 30 PSU than of 15 PSU. In addition, a higher proportion of larvae exposed to 12 °C and 15 PSU completely absorbed their yolk. Whereas the more tolerant larvae to high temperatures were those exposed to 16 °C and 30 PSU, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were highest at natural and at 12 °C and 30 PSU conditions, respectively. The nutritional status (as standardized DNA/RNA index—sRD -) was low in all cases, even at natural conditions (average sRD ~ 1). Our study suggests that, in the context of climate change, the mortality rate of yolk-sac larvae of P. cornucola would not increase due to temperature or salinity stress. However, indirect effects (such as habitat degradation or changes in food availability) would be critical after complete absorption of the yolk.
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Acknowledgements
We express our gratitude to authorities of “Secretaría de Ambiente, Desarrollo Sostenible y Cambio Climático” (Argentina) and of “Administración de Parques Nacionales” (Tierra del Fuego, Argentina) for sampling permissions (RSPAyS N° 0298/2016 and 099-CPA-2016, respectively). We also acknowledge J. Strahl for suggestions on the experimental design, D. Aureliano for field assistance, and three anonymous reviewers for useful comments on an early draft. This study was supported by grants from Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT-FONCyT, Argentina) PICT 0900/2015, from Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego (UNTDF, Argentina) PIDUNTDF-B-2016, and from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET, Argentina) PIP 0440 2016–2018 and P-UE CADIC-CONICET 2016.
Funding
This study was supported by grants from Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT-FONCyT, Argentina) PICT 0900/2015, from Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego (UNTDF, Argentina) PIDUNTDF-B-2016, and from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET, Argentina) PIP 0440 2016–2018 and P-UE CADIC-CONICET 2016.
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. D.O. Bruno did the data collection. D.O. Bruno, M.E. Barrantes, M.E. Lattuca, C.F. Nardi, M.V. Diaz, L. Wolinski, and H. Sacristán performed material preparation and analysis. The first draft of the manuscript was written by D.O Bruno, F.A. Vanella, and D.A. Fernández, and all authors commented on previous versions. All authors read and approved the final manuscript and agreed to submit the work to this journal.
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All sampling procedures and experimental manipulations follow the guidelines approved by the Universidad de Buenos Aires from Argentina (Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Bioterio Central,https://exact as.uba.ar/cicual /).
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Bruno, D.O., Barrantes, M.E., Lattuca, M.E. et al. Temperature and salinity effects on whole-organism and cellular level stress responses of the sub-Antarctic notothenioid fish Patagonotothen cornucola yolk-sac larvae. Fish Physiol Biochem 48, 321–335 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01057-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01057-5