Abstract
Most wild and cultivated diploid potato species are self-incompatible, preventing inbreeding and promoting outcrossing. To generate diploid inbred lines, the tuber bearing self-compatible species Solanum chacoense (M6 line) has been used to overcome self-incompatibility. In this study, self-compatibility was introgressed from a set of four diploid self-compatible (SC) donor lines with S. chacoense background into eight introgression species lines to develop a multi-species potato germplasm pool using a recurrent selection (RS) breeding strategy. Concurrently, tuber and adaptation-related traits were selected under Michigan field conditions prior to self-compatibility assessment. After six cycles of RS, we observed a significant increase in self-compatibility (16% in cycle 0–86% in cycle 5) inheritance and improvement of tuber-related traits. Reproductive fitness was increased, reducing male sterility from 32% in cycle 0 to 0% in cycle 5. Progeny with no-flowers decreased from 19 to 3% from RS cycles 0 to cycle 5. Additionally, 4,885 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) markers were used to access the linkage disequilibrium (LD), heterozygosity, and population structure over the RS population. SNP heterozygosity moderately decreased through the six cycles of RS cycles. Hierarchical clustering and Principal Components Analysis showed that selections become more uniform as the cycles advanced and that LD had been reduced across each potato chromosome. We observed significant increase in earliness for vine maturity in cycle 4. The SC germplasm developed in this study can be used to introgress self-compatibility, select tuber-related traits, and develop inbred lines in F1 hybrid programs using a genetically diverse diploid germplasm.
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Acknowledgement
The work was funded by USDA NIFA 2014-67013-22434. MA received fellowship from the Higher Committee for Education Development in Iraq (HCED). A special thanks to all Michigan State University Potato Breeding and Genetic Program team members and especially Nick Garrity, Donna Kells, Damen Kurzer, and Azamat Sardarbekov who helped with chloroplast counting and pollination. The authors also would like to thank Greg Steere and Matt Zuehlke for technical assistance. The authors thank Dr. Norma C. Manrique-Carpintero for analysis advice and Dr. Daniel Zarka and Andrea Garcia-Ramirez for SNP genotyping and technical assistance.
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Online Resources 1
Comparison of hierarchical clustering between cycle 0 to cycle 5 with parental lines using 4,885 SNPs. (a) cycle 0, (b) cycle 1, (c) cycle 2, (d) cycle 3, (e) cycle 4, and (f) cycle 5. The black color is representing parental lines that used to generate the RS germplasm; blue is representing genotyped progeny from each cycle of RS (TIF 3483 KB)
Online Resources 2
Comparison of principal component analysis between cycle 0 to cycle 5 with parental lines using 4,885 SNPs. (a) cycle 0, (b) cycle 1, (c) cycle 2, (d) cycle 3, (e) cycle 4, and (f) cycle 5. The black color is representing parental lines that used to generate the RS germplasm; Blue is representing genotyped progeny from each cycle of RS (TIF 2042 KB)
Online Resources 3
Linkage disequilibrium (LD) measure r2 in the association panel plotted against the physical map distance (MB) between two pairs of SNPs located on the whole chromosomal region for all 12 chromosomes for cycle 0 of the RS in the upper panels. Nonlinear quantile regression of r2 versus the physical map distance between the SNP markers is showing in the red line. Lower panels: Genome-wide LD scans using 4,885 SNPs across the whole chromosomal for all 12 chromosomes in cycle 0 of the RS. Blue areas show regions with lower LD while the red areas show regions with higher LD (TIF 8028 KB)
Online Resources 4
Linkage disequilibrium (LD) measure r2 in the association panel plotted against the physical map distance (MB) between two pairs of SNPs located on the whole chromosomal region for all 12 chromosomes for cycle 5 of the RS in the upper panels. Nonlinear quantile regression of r2 versus the physical map distance between the SNP markers is showing in the red line. Lower panels: Genome-wide LD scans using 4,885 SNPs across the whole chromosomal for all 12 chromosomes in cycle 5 of the RS. Blue areas show regions with lower LD while the red areas show regions with higher LD. The figure is showing the LD reduction in all 12 chromosomes over six cycles of RS compared with Figure S1 (TIF 7720 KB)
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Alsahlany, M., Enciso-Rodriguez, F., Lopez-Cruz, M. et al. Developing self-compatible diploid potato germplasm through recurrent selection. Euphytica 217, 47 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-021-02785-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-021-02785-0