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Auxin application in interploidy crosses and genome stability: across-generation investigations on German chamomile (Matricaria recutita [L.] Rauschert) of various origins

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Abstract

Interploid crosses display a common approach in plant breeding to vary ploidy level in crops. This research included three trials to determine ploidy purity and genomic stability of diploid, triploid and auto-tetraploid varieties of German chamomile during life-time and across generations after interploid crosses. Impacts of auxin application were evaluated for seed set, germination rate and progeny ploidy. Ploidy was assessed by flow cytometry and chromosome counting. Ploidy purity in cultivars ranged from 64% (‘Lutea’, 4x) to 100% (‘Bona’, 2x), the share of ploidy-deviants was in 4x-cultivars higher (8%) than in 2x (1%). Auxin application resulted in higher seed set in tetraploids only, while the number of progeny did neither depend on cross direction nor on auxin application. Life time genome stability applied for all ploidy levels. Ploidy level of progeny from 2x × 4x crosses was mostly linked to the maternal level. 3x plants bore progeny with diverse ploidy forms, but not with triploidy. However, cultivars should regularly be monitored for conformance to declared ploidy also in awareness of possible unintended contamination.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partly supported based upon a resolution of the Federal Parliament of Germany (Deutscher Bundestag) by the German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMELV) via the Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.V. (FNR) as Project executing organisation for the funding programme “Renewable Resources” (BMELV, Support Code 22038911/11NR389).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. WG Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria

    B. Faehnrich & C. Franz

  2. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Weidenbach, Germany

    B. Faehnrich

  3. Group Quantitative Genetics, Leibniz-Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany

    L.-G. Otto

  4. Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    E. Mešić & C. Dobeš

  5. Department of Plant Systematics and Evolution, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    A.-C. Cosendai

  6. Department of Forest Genetics, Austrian Research Centre for Forests, Vienna, Austria

    C. Dobeš

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  1. B. Faehnrich
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Faehnrich, B., Otto, LG., Franz, C. et al. Auxin application in interploidy crosses and genome stability: across-generation investigations on German chamomile (Matricaria recutita [L.] Rauschert) of various origins. Euphytica 215, 16 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-019-2335-3

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