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Can systemic governance of smart cities catalyse urban sustainability?

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Abstract

Smart cities are rapidly gaining momentum around the world as new opportunities to shift towards a sustainable urban future. Despite their promising solutions, there is so far little evidence on how smart city initiatives can achieve urban sustainability. This study explores the impact of smartness on urban sustainability by introducing the concept of smart complementarity and investigating whether the systemic governance of smart complementarities has a positive impact on sustainability. To this end, we employ a panel vector autoregression model with panel data for 26 smart cities from 2009 to 2019 to test the complex dynamic relationships between smart city drivers and dimensions of sustainability. Such analysis seems crucial for smart city governance and whether the vision of a smart agenda is compatible with urban sustainability. The findings suggest that while smart city initiatives have improved economic sustainability, they have compromised environmental and social sustainability. This points to the need for a coordinated approach to address the complexity of urban systems and sustainability challenges.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Notes

  1. The cities according to regions are North American and Oceania: Sydney (Australia), Toronto (Canada), New York (United States), Auckland (New Zealand). Europe: Vienna (Austria), Brussels (Belgium), Copenhagen (Denmark), Prague (Czech), Tallinn (Estonia), Helsinki (Finland), Paris (France), Berlin (Germany), Dublin (Ireland), Milan (Italy), Reykjavik (Iceland), Amsterdam (Netherlands), Oslo (Norway), Warsaw (Poland), Barcelona (Spain), Bratislava (Slovakia), Stockholm (Sweden), Zürich (Switzerland), London (United Kingdom). Asia: Tokyo (Japan), Beijing (China), Seoul (South Korea).

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Acknowledgements

This research is part of a doctorate dissertation at Istanbul University. I would like to thank Prof. Begüm Özkaynak, Assoc. Prof. Taner Akan, and Assoc. Prof. Şeref Bozoklu for their invaluable insights and contributions to this research.

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The author declares that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. Department of Economics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Tara Vanli

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  1. Tara Vanli
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The author contributed to conceptualisation, methodology, formal analysis, software, data curation, writing, visualisation, investigation, and validation.

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Appendices

Appendix 1

See Table

Table 15 Summary of the previous studies on smart city and urban sustainability
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15

Appendix 2: Results of PVAR Model -2s

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Table 16 Westerlund test for cointegration, 2009–2019
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16,

Table 17 Lag selection, 2009–2019
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17,

Table 18 Stability test of PVAR model, 2009–2019
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18,

Table 19 PVAR (1 lag) model, 2009–2019
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19,

Table 20 PVAR Granger causality, 2009–2019
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20.

See Fig. 

Fig. 7
figure 7

Stability condition of PVAR model

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7

See Table

Table 21 Variance decomposition, 2009–2019
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21

See Fig. 

Fig. 8
figure 8

Impulse response function, 2009–2019

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8

2.1 Results of PVAR Model 3

See Tables

Table 22 Westerlund test for cointegration, 2009–2019
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22,

Table 23 Lag selection, 2009–2019
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23,

Table 24 Stability test of PVAR model, 2009–2019
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24,

Table 25 PVAR (1 lag) model, 2009–2019
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25,

Table 26 PVAR Granger causality, 2009–2019
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26

See Fig. 

Fig. 9
figure 9

Stability condition of PVAR model

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9

See Table

Table 27 Variance decomposition, 2009–2019
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27

See Fig. 

Fig. 10
figure 10

Impulse response function, 2009–2019

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10

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Vanli, T. Can systemic governance of smart cities catalyse urban sustainability?. Environ Dev Sustain (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03601-6

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