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Accumulation of Cd and Pb in sediments and Asian swamp eels (Monopterus albus) from downstream area of Cisadane River, Indonesia

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Abstract

This study examined the presence of two heavy metals (Cd and Pb) in the sediments and Asian swamp eels (Monopterus albus) in the downstream area of Cisadane River. The average concentrations of Cd and Pb in the sediments from all sampling locations were 0.594 ± 0.230 mg/kg and 34.677 ± 24.406 mg/kg, respectively. These concentrations were above the natural background concentration and the recommended value of interim sediment quality guidelines (ISQG), suggesting an enrichment process and potential ecological risk of studied metals to the ecosystem of Cisadane River. The increase in contamination within this region may be attributed to point sources such as landfill areas, as well as the industrial and agricultural land activities in surrounding area, and experienced an increasing level leading towards the estuary of Cisadane River. Meanwhile, the average concentrations of Cd and Pb in the eels from all sampling locations were 0.775 ± 0.528 μg/g and 28.940 ± 12.921 μg/g, respectively. This study also discovered that gill tissues contained higher levels of Cd and Pb than the digestive organ and flesh of Asian swamp eels. These concentrations were higher than Indonesian and international standards, suggesting a potential human health risk and therefore the needs of limitations in the consumption of the eels. Based on the human health risk assessment, the eels from the downstream of Cisadane River are still considered safe to be consumed as long as they comply with the specified maximum consumption limits.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Taufik Kaisupy, Singgih Prasetyo Adi Wibowo, Riyana Subandi, and Deny Yogaswara for field and laboratory supports. We appreciate everyone who assisted in the development of this article.

Funding

This work was supported by “Universitas Terbuka funding scheme 2022 (Grant No. B/284/UN31.LPPM/PT.01.03/2022 and B/410/UN31.LPPM/PT.01.03/2022)” for Muhammad Reza Cordova.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

    Ario Damar, Etty Riani & Nurlisa A. Butet

  2. Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

    Triyoni Purbonegoro & Muhammad Reza Cordova

  3. Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

    Ario Damar

  4. Study Program of Coastal and Marine Resources Management, Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

    Triyoni Purbonegoro

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  1. Triyoni Purbonegoro
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  2. Ario Damar
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  5. Muhammad Reza Cordova
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Contributions

Triyoni Purbonegoro: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Ario Damar, Etty Riani, and Nurlisa A. Butet: data curation and writing—review and editing. Muhammad Reza Cordova: supervision, conceptualization, funding acquisition, project administration, resources, validation, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Triyoni Purbonegoro.

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Purbonegoro, T., Damar, A., Riani, E. et al. Accumulation of Cd and Pb in sediments and Asian swamp eels (Monopterus albus) from downstream area of Cisadane River, Indonesia. Environ Monit Assess 196, 496 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12635-w

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