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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons study in atmospheric fine and coarse particles using diagnostic ratios and receptor model in urban/industrial region

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Abstract

Atmospheric fine and coarse particles were collected in Teflon filters in three cities of the region of the Lower Sinos River Basin of Rio Grande do Sul in the year 2010. The filters were Soxhlet extracted, and 14 priority PAHs were analyzed using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The principal emission sources of these compounds were assessed by using diagnostic ratios and receptor model: positive matrix factorization (PMF 3.0) of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The results of PAHs concentration for the studied year showed significant levels of high molecular weight (HMW) PAH, Ind, and BghiP, in PM2.5 in the winter season, showing the influence of mobile sources. The application of receptor model PMF 3.0 revealed that the main sources of PAHs were vehicle fleet (both diesel and gasoline), followed by coal combustion, wood combustion, and resuspension of dust. The results of the receptor modeling are in agreement with the data obtained by the ratio diagnostic.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico for financial support. We also thank the sampling department and laboratory of chemistry of Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luis Roessler for their technical support.

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Highlights

Determination of PAHs in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 in urban/industrial region

Mean PAHs concentrations in PM2.5 were higher in winter

HMW PAHs, especially Ind and BghiP, were higher in winter

Evaluation of emission sources by using diagnostic ratios and receptor model PMF3.0

Results reveal vehicular contribution confirming the characteristic influence

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Teixeira, E.C., Mattiuzi, C.D.P., Agudelo-Castañeda, D.M. et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons study in atmospheric fine and coarse particles using diagnostic ratios and receptor model in urban/industrial region. Environ Monit Assess 185, 9587–9602 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3276-2

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