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Description of Xiphinema azarbaijanense n. sp. (Nematoda; Longidoridae) from West Azarbaijan province, northwestern Iran

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Abstract

A new species of the dagger nematode genus Xiphinema was recovered from three different points in West Azarbaijan province, northwestern Iran, from the rhizosphere of grasses and described based on both morphological and molecular data. Xiphinema azarbaijanense n. sp. belongs to the Xiphinema non-americanum group and is characterized by having 3.8-5.3 mm long females with long odontostyle (129-151 μm), two equally developed genital tracts with crystalloid bodies in the tubular part of uterus, short tail, four juvenile developmental stages and males absent. It is similar to 14 known species belonging to morphospecies group 6, and is almost indistinguishable from most of them using traditional taxonomy; thus, is part of a complex of cryptic species. Molecular phylogenetic data using two genomic structural (18S, 28S D2-D3) and one ITS1 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci were used to separate the new species from close taxa. The new species formed an independent lineage in three reconstructed trees based upon the resolved topologies, and was also morphologically compared with phylogenetically related species.

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Notes

  1. Named after West Azarbaijan province, the origin of the new species.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate valuable help of Dr. Karen Freeman (Research Director of Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group, Stirling, United Kingdom) for her technical comments and reviewing the manuscript, and Tarbiat Modares University and Iranian National Science foundation (INSF) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

    Farahnaz Jahanshahi Afshar

  2. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran

    Fatemeh Shahryari

  3. Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Farshad Gharibzadeh, Ebrahim Pourjam & Majid Pedram

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  1. Farahnaz Jahanshahi Afshar
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Electronic supplementary material

Supplementary Table 1.

Pairwise genetic distances for selected 28S rDNA D2-D3 sequences of species used in 28S phylogenetic tree of Xiphinema azarbaijanense n. sp. (XLS 38 kb)

Supplementary Table 2.

Pairwise genetic distances for selected ITS1 rDNA sequences of species used in ITS1 phylogenetic tree of Xiphinema azarbaijanense n. sp. (XLS 29 kb)

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Jahanshahi Afshar, F., Shahryari, F., Gharibzadeh, F. et al. Description of Xiphinema azarbaijanense n. sp. (Nematoda; Longidoridae) from West Azarbaijan province, northwestern Iran. Eur J Plant Pathol 155, 417–434 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-019-01776-1

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