Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

The association between birthplace in different regions of the world and cardiovascular mortality among residents of Spain

  • CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
  • Published:
European Journal of Epidemiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The objective of this study is to estimate the association of birthplace with mortality from cardiovascular diseases in residents of Spain by analysing immigrant populations that are unlikely to have adopted health-related attitudes and behaviours of the host country. Data from the population register and cause of death register were used for the period 2001–2005. The study included people aged 20–64 years. Age-adjusted mortality from cardiovascular diseases—and from ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and hypertension-related disease—according to birthplace were estimated and compared with those for the native Spanish population by mortality rate ratios. Compared with the native Spanish population, residents who came from Eastern Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia had a higher risk of mortality from most of the cardiovascular diseases analysed. Women from North Africa and the Caribbean also had a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality. A higher risk of mortality from ischemic heart disease was observed in persons from the Middle East, and from cerebrovascular disease in those from Eastern Asia. Compared with the native Spanish population, residents from South America and Eastern Asia had a lower risk of mortality from ischemic heart disease. This pattern of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in residents of Spain who have come from different regions of the world is very similar to the findings of studies in other countries, and probably reflects the burden of disease in the countries of origin.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mathers CD, Fat DM, Rao C, Lopez AD. Counting the dead and what they die from: an assessment of the global status of cause of death data. Bull World Health Organ. 2005;83:171–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: global burden of disease study. Lancet. 1997;349:1269–76.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Maurer JD, Rosenberg HM, Keemer JB. Deaths of hispanic origin, 15 reporting states, 1979–81. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat. 1990;20(18).

  4. Sheth T, Nair C, Nargundkar M, Anan S, Yusuf S. Cardiovascular and cancer mortality among Canadians of European, south Asian and Chinese origin from 1979 to 1993: an analysis of 1.2 million deaths. CMAJ. 1999;161:132–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Davey Smith G, Chaturvedi N, Harding S, Nazroo J, Williams R. Ethnic inequality in health: a review of UK epidemiological evidence. Crit Public Health. 2000;10:375–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Wild SH, Fischbacher C, Brock A, Griffiths C, Bhopal R. Mortality from all causes and circulatory disease by country of birth in England and Wales 2001–2003. J Public Health. 2007;29:191–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Yusuf S, Reddt S, Ôunpuu S, Anand S. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: Part 1: general considerations, the epidemiologic transitions, risk factors, and impact of urbanization. Circulation. 2001;104:2746–53.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Gushulak BD, MacPherson DW. The basic principles of migration health: population mobility and gaps in disease prevalence. Emerg Themes Epidemiol. 2006;3:3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lanzieri G, Corsini V. Population. Luxembourg: European Communities (2006) Available at: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-NK-06-001/EN/KS-NK-06-001-EN.PDF.

  10. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. EAPS-2005. Economically Active Population Survey http://www.ine.es/en/prodyser/micro_epa.htm.

  11. Díaz JM, Esteban M (2008) Estudio de Salud de la Ciudad de Madrid [Study of health in the City of Madrid]. Madrid: Instituto de Salud Pública, Ayuntamiento de Madrid. http://www.madridsalud.es/escn.htm.

  12. Britton A, McKee M. The relation between alcohol and cardiovascular disease in Eastern Europe: explaining the paradox. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2000;54:328–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Murray RP, Connett JE, Tyas SL, Bond R, Ekuma O, Silversides CK, et al. Alcohol volume, drinking pattern, and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality: is there a U-shaped function? Am J Epidemiol. 2002;155:242–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Malyutina S, Bobak M, Kurilovitch S, Gafarov V, Simonova G, Nikitin Y, et al. Relation between heavy and binge drinking and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Novosibirsk, Russia: a prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2002;360:1448–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Peasy A, Bobak M, Kubinova R, Malyutina S, Pajak A, Tamosiunas A, et al. Determinants of cardiovascular disease and other non-communicable disease in Central and Eastern Europe: rationales and design of the HAPIEE study. BMC Public Health. 2006;6:225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. World Health Organization/Europe (2006) European Health for all database. Updated June 2006.

  17. Courbage Y, Khlat M. Mortality and causes of death of Moroccans in France, 1979–91. Population. 1996;8:59–94.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bos V, Kunst AE, Keij-Deerenberg IM, Garssen J, Mackenbach J. Ethnic inequalities in age- and cause-specific mortality in The Netherlands. Int J Epidemiol. 2004;3:1112–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Belahsen R, Mziwira M, Fertat F. Anthropometry of women of chilbearing age in Morocco: body composition and prevalence of overweight and obesity. Public Health Nutr. 2003;7:523–30.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Mohammed A, Mohamed M, Denis L, Rekia B. Prevalence of parameter indicators of obesity and its relation with metabolic syndrome in urban Moroccan women. Am J Hum Biol. 2008;20:484–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Fang J, Madhavan S, Alderman MH. The association between birthplace and mortality from cardiovascular causes among black and white residents of New York city. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1545–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. CDC (2006) Hypertension-related mortality among Hispanic subpopulations–United States, 1995-2002- MMWR 2006;55:177–180.

  23. Soni Raleigh V. Diabetes and hypertension in Britain’s ethnic minorities: implications for the future of renal services. BMJ. 1997;314:209–13.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Cappucio FP, Cook DG, Atkinson RW, Strazzullo P. Prevalence, detection, and management of cardiovascular risk factors in south London. Heart. 1997;78:555–63.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Yoon K-H, Lee J-H, Jim J-W, Cho JH, Choi Y-H, Ko S-H, et al. Epidemic obesity and type 2 diabetes in Asia. Lancet. 2006;368:1681–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Mckeigue PM, Shah B, Marmot MG. Relation of central obesity and insulin resistance with high diabetes prevalence and cardiovascular risk in South Asians. Lancet. 1991;337:382–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Morgenstern LB, Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Risser JMH, Uchino K, Garcia N, et al. Excess stroke in Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic whites. The brain attack surveillance in corpus christi project. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;160:376–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Janet E, Sorel JE, Ragland DR, Leonard Syme S. Blood pressure in mexican Americans, whites, and blacks The second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Epidemiol. 1991;134:370–8.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Martínez-Maldonado M. Hypertension in Hispanics: comments on a major disease in a mix of ethnic groups. Am J Hypertens. 1995;8:120S–3S.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Hernández-Hernández R, Armas-Padilla MC, Armas-Hernández MJ, Velasco M. Hypertension and cardiovascular health in Venezuela and Latin American countries. J Hum Hypertens. 2000;14(Suppl 1):S2–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Barceló A. Cardiovascular diseases in Latin America and the Caribbean. Lancet. 2006;368:625–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. World Health Organization (2002) Mortality and burden of disease estimates for WHO member states in 2002. Available at: http://www.who.int/healthinfo/statistics/bodgbddeathdalyestimates.xls.

  33. International Diabetes Federation (2008) Diabetes atlas. Second edition. Available at www.idf.org/e-atlas. Accessed 1 April 2008.

  34. Alwan A, King H. Diabetes in the Eastern Mediterranean (Middle East) region: the World Health Organization responds to a major public health challenge. Diabet Med. 1995;12:1057–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Anand SS, Yusuf S, Vuksan V, Devanesen S, Teo KK, Montague PA, et al. Differences in risk factors, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease between ethnic groups in Canada: the Study of Health Assessment and Risk in Ethnic groups (SHARE). Lancet. 2000;356:279–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ueshima H. Explanation for the Japanese paradox: prevention of increase in coronary heart disease and reduction in stroke. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2007;14:278–86.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Easter Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease Collaborative Research Group. Blood pressure, cholesterol, and stroke in eastern Asia. Lancet. 1998;352:1801–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. WHO Mortality Database: http://www.who.int/whosis/database/mort/table1.cfm.

  39. Khlat M, Darmon N. Is there a Mediterranean migrants mortality paradox in Europe? Int J Epidemiol. 2003;32:1115–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Ley Orgánica 4/2000, de 11 de enero sobre derechos y libertades de los extranjeros en España y su integración social. http://vlex.com/vid/libertades-extranjeros-integracion-162596.

  41. Razum O, Zeeb H. Inequity, acculturation and the ‘Mediterranean paradox. Int J Epidemiol. 2004;33:1411–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Razum O. Commentary: of salmon and time travellers–musing on the mystery of migrant mortality. Int J Epidemiol. 2006;35:919–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Instituto Nacional de Estadística National Immigrant Survey 2007 http://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft20%2Fp319&file=inebase&L=1. Accessed 1 Dec 2008.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Enrique Regidor, Paloma Astasio, Maria Elisa Calle, David Martínez, Paloma Ortega & Vicente Domínguez

Authors
  1. Enrique Regidor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paloma Astasio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maria Elisa Calle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. David Martínez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Paloma Ortega
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Vicente Domínguez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Enrique Regidor.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Regidor, E., Astasio, P., Calle, M.E. et al. The association between birthplace in different regions of the world and cardiovascular mortality among residents of Spain. Eur J Epidemiol 24, 503–512 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-009-9363-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-009-9363-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation