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Proanthocyanidin as a cytogenetic protective agent against adverse effects of plant growth regulators supplementation in rats

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective role of grape seed extract (containing proanthocyandin) against the adverse effects of plant growth regulators (GA3 (gibberellic acid) and IAA (indoleacetic acid)). The present data showed that the administration of either GA3 and IAA caused undesirable changes in both hepatic and testicular structure. This was evidenced by a disturbed hepatic strands, pyknotic nuclei, central vein with collapsed endothelium, dilatation in bile sinusoids, congested blood vessel, binucleatd hepatocytes, lymphocytic infiltration, vacuolation, giant hepatic cells, increased Kupffer cells and karyoryxis. Additionally, it was shown that degenerative changes in the testis, spermatogenic arrest, moderate tubular necrosis, Leydig cell degeneration and reduction in the number and size of the seminiferous tubules with some spermatogonia detached from the basement membrane. Concerning flow cytometric study of the liver a significant decrease in G0/1 % and a significant increase in S phase %, G2/M  %, P53 % and apoptosis % (sub G1) were detected. However, in testis the data recorded a significant decrease in the percentage of mature sperm (percentage of haploid cells) and a significant increase in the percentage of spermatide, diploid cells, P53 and of apoptotic cells. On the other hand, a distinct recovery of the mentioned hepatic and testicular histopathological and cytogenetic disorders was observed when proanthocyanidin was supplemented to rats administered either of the plant growth hormones (GA3 and IAA).

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Abbreviations

PGRs:

Plant growth regulators

GA3 :

Gibberellic acid

IAA:

Indoleacetic acid

GSE:

Grape seed extract

PAC:

Proanthocyanidin

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Acknowledgments

The authors of this manuscript express their deepest gratitude and appreciation to Professor Dr Shreef Abdeen, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt for his financial assistance in histopathological examination in the present work.

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  1. Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Hanaa A. Hassan, Wafaa M. El-Kholy & Samar E. Nour

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  1. Hanaa A. Hassan
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  2. Wafaa M. El-Kholy
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  3. Samar E. Nour
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Correspondence to Hanaa A. Hassan.

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Hassan, H.A., El-Kholy, W.M. & Nour, S.E. Proanthocyanidin as a cytogenetic protective agent against adverse effects of plant growth regulators supplementation in rats. Cytotechnology 66, 585–596 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-013-9607-x

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