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Genetic assessment of the threatened microendemic Pleurodeles poireti (Caudata, Salamandridae), with molecular evidence for hybridization with Pleurodeles nebulosus

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Abstract

Short-range endemics are high-priority conservation targets, and valuable information for their management can be obtained from assessments of genetic diversity and structure, including potential hybridization with related species, and the investigation of factors shaping their patterns of occurrence. The Edough ribbed newt, Pleurodeles poireti, is restricted to the Edough Peninsula in Algeria, and listed as Endangered in IUCN’s Red List. Its range is completely surrounded by the more widespread, closely related, Algerian ribbed newt, Pleurodeles nebulosus. Here we examined patterns of genetic diversity and structure in P. poireti using mtDNA sequences of the ND4 gene and a suite of 12 polymorphic microsatellites in a sample of 193 individuals from 46 populations covering the whole range of P. poireti and neighboring populations of P. nebulosus. We also investigated the influence of environmental variables (climate, topography, soil texture and plant cover) on the patterns of occurrence of both species. Genetic data allow fine scale delineation of the ranges of the two species and provide evidence for hybridization in several localities in a broad area of overlap. Niche analyses indicate that P. nebulosus and P. poireti tend to occupy similar niches and that the hybrid zone is not associated to an ecotone. This suggests that the range boundaries of the two species may be constrained by reciprocal exclusion, although in the case of P. poireti there are additional environmental constraints. These distributional patterns could be explained by high occupation of habitats by P. poireti, hindering the penetration of P. nebulosus by a ‘density blocking’ effect.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Associate Editor M. Russello and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on an earlier draft. Fieldwork was authorised by scientific permits provided by the Algerian authorities and the Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture. DE and JBH were supported by a Seed Grant funded by the British Herpetological Society and a Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund (Projects 140510038 and 152511965). JGR was supported by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas of Spain (CSIC) and the European Social Fund (ESF) (JAE-pre PhD fellowship). IMS was supported through Project ‘‘Biodiversity, Ecology and Global Change” co-financed by North Portugal Regional Operational Programme 2007/2013 (ON. 2 – O Novo Norte), under the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF), through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and is currently supported by funding from the Spanish Severo Ochoa Program (SEV–2012–0262).

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Author notes

  1. Iñigo Martínez-Solano

    Present address: Ecology, Evolution, and Development Group, Department of Wetland Ecology, Doñana Biological Station, CSIC, c/Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain

Authors and Affiliations

  1. GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology and Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071, Girona, Spain

    Daniel Escoriza

  2. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, c/José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain

    Jorge Gutiérrez-Rodríguez

  3. Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia

    Jihène Ben Hassine

  4. Laboratory Ecology, Biodiversity and Environnement, Departement of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tétouan, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, El M’Hannech II, 93030, Tétouan, Morocco

    Jihène Ben Hassine

  5. CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, InBIO, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal

    Iñigo Martínez-Solano

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  2. Jorge Gutiérrez-Rodríguez
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  3. Jihène Ben Hassine
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  4. Iñigo Martínez-Solano
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Correspondence to Iñigo Martínez-Solano.

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Escoriza, D., Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, J., Ben Hassine, J. et al. Genetic assessment of the threatened microendemic Pleurodeles poireti (Caudata, Salamandridae), with molecular evidence for hybridization with Pleurodeles nebulosus . Conserv Genet 17, 1445–1458 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-016-0875-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-016-0875-9

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