Abstract
Mapping diversity patterns is important to clarify its causes and is essential information for conservation policies. We map the distribution of vascular epiphytes from the Southern block of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (SBAF) to understand the main factors responsible for the richness and species turnover, as well as to generate information for the conservation of this functional group. We gathered a data set of vascular epiphytes, mapping the richness and weighted endemism using cells of 0.5° × 0.5°, and performed two Generalized Dissimilarity Models (GDM) using a filter of 18 and 54 species in cells of 5 km × 5 km to evaluate the species turnover and correlation with the climatic and topographic factors. We found four sites presenting both a high richness and endemism. A gradient of richness and species turnover between the coastal and inland regions was confirmed, as well as between the lowlands and the mountainous regions. The main predictors obtained from GDM were geographic distance, cloud cover, and temperature seasonality. The topographic heterogeneity and the resulting climate changes are responsible to enhance the richness and species turnover of vascular epiphytes in the SBAF. It is important to conserve the coastal areas and the mountainous gradients due to the high richness and strong species turnover, but also the inland areas since their composition is quite distinct from previous environments.
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The analyzed data is part of a published dataset and available at this source Ramos et al. (2019)—https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2541
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We wish to thank the Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza of Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento e Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES), Finance Code 001. We also thank to Carlos Mariano Alvez-Valles, Dayvid Rodrigues Couto, Diego Rafael Gonzaga, Andrea Pereira Luizi-Ponzo, Talita Mota Machado, Flávio Nunes Ramos, the editor Pedro Eisenlohr and an anonymous reviewer for the invaluable suggestions to improve the article.
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SGF conceived the ideas, curated and analyzed the data, produced the graphs, and write the manuscript. LMN conceived the ideas, did the GIS programming, and supervised the writing of the manuscript.
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Furtado, S.G., Menini Neto, L. What is the role of topographic heterogeneity and climate on the distribution and conservation of vascular epiphytes in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest?. Biodivers Conserv 30, 1415–1431 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02150-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02150-6