The basic requirements of regeneration of spent fuel from BREST reactors in order to reach radiation equivalence in the nuclear energy system are presented. It is shown on the basis of computational modeling of scenarios for the development and long-term operation of the nuclear energy system, including nuclear power plants with thermal and fast reactors, that radiation equivalence of waste and natural uranium can be reached. At the same time, the requirements of radiochemical technology also extend to the reprocessing of spent fuel from thermal reactors. The effect of the content of actinides and fission products in the waste on the hold-up period to reach radiation equivalence is shown.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., “Closeness to radiation equivalence of high-level waste and native uranium in the nuclear energy fuel cycle in Russia,” At. Energ., 81, No. 6, 403–409 (1996).
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., “Infl uence of the transmutation fuel cycle on the achievement of radiation equivalence of high-level waste and uranium in the nuclear energy of Russia,” ibid., 409–415.
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., “The raw material and waste activity balance in the projected nuclear power of Russia,” Nucl. Eng. Design, 173, 277–291 (1997).
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., “Models of the development of large-scale nuclear energy in Russia with transmutation nuclear fuel cycle and the achievement of radiation equivalence,” At. Energ., 82, No. l, 3–9 (1997).
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., “Minimization of high-level waste in large-scale nuclear energy in Russia,” At. Energ., 82, No. 3, 209–218 (1997).
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., “Minimization of high-level waste on replacement of nuclear energy generation technology in Russia,” At. Energ., 82, No. 2, 133–140 (1997).
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., “Equilibrium activity of nuclear fuel cycle facilities in future nuclear energy in Russia,” At. Energ., 85, No. 5, 358–363 (1998).
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al. “Self-consistent model for the development of nuclear energy and its fuel cycle,” At. Energ., 86, No. 5, 361–370 (1999).
E. O. Adamov, I. Kh. Ganev, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., Transmutation Fuel Cycle in Large-Scale Nuclear Energy in Russia, NIKIET, Moscow (1999).
Radiation Safety Standards (NRB-99/2009), SanPiN 2.6.1.2523-09, Moscow (2009).
B. A. Gabaraev, I. Kh. Ganev, and A. V. Lopatkin, “Potential biohazards of uranium used in the nuclear fuel cycle,” At. Energ., 96, No. 6, 462–468 (2004).
A. V. Lopatkin and V. V. Orlov, “Effect of the neutron spectrum on the characteristics of Np, Am, and Cm transmutation chains,” At. Energ., 100, No. 6, 452–458 (2006).
Е. О. Adamov, B. A. Gabaraev, I. Kh. Ganev, et al., Potential for Development and Possibility Reaching Radiation Equivalence of Uranium and Wastes in Scenarios of the Development of Future Nuclear Energy, Preprint, NIKIET ET-04 (2004).
E. O. Adamov, A. I. Filin, and V. V. Orlov, “Nuclear power development on the basis of new nuclear reactor and fuel cycle concepts,” in: Int. Conf. on Innovative Technologies for Nuclear Fuel Cycles and Nuclear Energy, Rep. IAEACN-108/32 (2003).
A. G. Glazov, A. V. Lopatkin, V. V. Orlov, et al., “Fuel cycle of BREST reactors. Solution of the radwaster and nonproliferation problems,” ibid., Rep. IAEA-CN-108/52P.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 129, No. 4, pp. 194–199, October, 2020.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lopatkin, A.V., Platonov, I.V. & Popov, V.E. Conditions for Reaching Radiation Equivalence of Native Raw Materials and Long-Lived Radioactive Waste in Nuclear Energy in Russia. At Energy 129, 188–193 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-021-00732-9
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-021-00732-9