Abstract
In 1979, after plasma envelope exploration, Voyager 1 and 2 revealed that Jovian magnetosphere consists of an unusual mixture of ions like hydrogen, sulphur, oxygen etc., in similar proportions. The present study observed that the waves in Jovian magnetosphere propagate in whistler-mode, with some similarities to whistler-mode auroral hiss in the Earth’s magnetosphere. The dispersion relation has been deduced and calculated in detail for oblique propagating waves in presence of parallel AC electric field for bi-Maxwellian distribution function. Magnetic field model for different values of latitude at radial distance \(17 R_{J}\) has been reported. By using the method of characteristic solution, relativistic growth rate has been calculated. Data provided by spacecrafts like Pioneer 10 and 11, Voyager 1 and 2, while exploring the magnetosphere of Jupiter, has been used to plot graphs of variation of growth rate for different values of various plasma parameters like temperature anisotropy, angle of wave propagation, AC frequency etc. The effect on growth rate by these plasma parameters is shown by graphs.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahirwar, G., Varma, P., Tiwari, M.S.: Electromagnetic ion cyclotron instability in the presence of a parallel electric field with general loss-cone distribution function—particle aspect analysis. Ann. Geophys. 24(7), 1919–1930 (2006)
Akalin, F., Gurnett, D.A., Averkamp, T.F., Persoon, A.M., Santolik, O., Kurth, W.S., Hospodarsky, G.B.: First whistler observed in the magnetosphere of Saturn. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L20107 (2006)
Bagenal, F.: Empirical model of the Io plasma torus: Voyager measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 99, 11043–11062 (1994)
Bagenal, F., Adriani, A., Allegrini, F., Bolton, S.J., Bonfond, B., Bunce, E.J., Connerney, J.E.P., Cowley, S.W.H., Ebert, R.W., Gladstone, G.R., Hansen, C.J., Kurth, W.S., Levin, S.M., Mauk, B.H., McComas, D.J., Paranicas, C.P., Santos-Costa, D., Thorne, R.M., Valek, P., Waite, J.H., Zarka, P.: Magnetospheric science objectives of the Juno mission. Space Sci. Rev. 213(1–4), 219–287 (2017)
Brice, N.M.: Energetic protons in Jupiter’s radiation belts. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Jupiter’s Radiation Environment, p. 283. JPL, Pasadena (1972). JPL Tech. Memo. 33-543
Burke, B.F., Franklin, K.L.: Observations of a variable radio source associated with the planet Jupiter. J. Geophys. Res. 60, 213–217 (1955)
Carr, T.D., Gulkis, S.: The magnetosphere of Jupiter. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 7, 577 (1969)
Clarke, J.T., Hudson, M.K., Yung, Y.L.: The excitation of the far ultraviolet electro glow emissions on Uranus, Saturn, and Jupiter. J. Geophys. Res. 92(A13), 15139–15147 (1987)
Dory, R.A., Guest, G.E., Harris, E.G.: Unstable electrostatic plasma waves propagating perpendicular to a magnetic field. Phys. Rev. Lett. 14, 131 (1965)
Gurnett, D.A., Shaw, R.R., Anderson, R.R., Kurth, W.S.: Whistlers observed by Voyager I: detection of lightning on Jupiter. Geophys. Res. Lett. 6, 511 (1979a)
Gurnett, D.A., Kurth, W.S., Scarf, F.L.: Plasma wave observations near Jupiter: initial results from Voyager 2. Science 206(4421), 987 (1979b)
Gurnett, I.A., Scarf, F.L., Kuri, W.S., Shaw, H.R.R., Poynter, R.L.: Determination of Jupiter’s electron density profile from plasma wave observations. J. Geophys. Res. 86, 8199 (1981)
Gurnett, D.A., Kurth, W.S., Roux, A., Bolton, S.J., Kennel, C.F.: Galileo plasma wave observations in the Io plasma torus and near Io. Science 274, 391 (1996)
Gurnett, D.A., et al.: Radio and plasma wave observations at Saturn from Cassini’s approach and first orbit. Science 307, 1255 (2005)
Kennel, C.F.: Stably trapped proton limits for Jupiter. In: Beck, A.J. (ed.) Proceedings of the Jupiter Radiation Belt Workshop, p. 347. JPL, Pasadena (1972). JPL Tech. Memo 33-543
Kumari, J., Pandey, R.S.: Study of VLF wave with relativistic effect in Saturn magnetosphere in the presence of parallel A.C. electric field. Adv. Space Res. 63(7), 2279–2289 (2018)
Kumari, J., Kaur, R., Pandey, R.S.: Effect of hot injections on electromagnetic ion-cyclotron waves in inner magnetosphere of Saturn. Astrophys. Space Sci. 363, 33 (2018)
Kurth, W.S., Barbosa, D.D., Gurnett, D.A., Scarf, F.L.: Electrostatic waves in the Jovian magnetosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 7(1), 57 (1980)
Kurth, W.S., Strayer, B.D., Gurnett, D.A., Scarf, F.L.: A summary of whistlers observed by Voyager 1 at Jupiter. Icarus 61(3), 497–507 (1985)
Maurice, S., Blanc, M., Prangé, R., Sittler, E.C. Jr.: The magnetic field-aligned polarization electric field and its effects on particle distribution in the magnetospheres of Jupiter and Saturn. Planet. Space Sci. 45(11), 1449–1465 (1997)
Menietti, J.D., Santolik, O., Rymer, A.M., Hospodarsky, G.B., Persoon, A.M., Gurnett, D.A., Coates, A.J., Young, D.T.: Analysis of plasma waves observed within local plasma injections seen in Saturn’s magnetosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 113, A05213 (2008a)
Menietti, J.D., Santolik, O., Rymer, A.M., Hospodarsky, G.B., Gurnett, D.A., Coates, A.J.: Analysis of plasma waves observed in the inner Saturn magnetosphere. Ann. Geophys. 26, 2631–2644 (2008b)
Pandey, R.S., Kaur, R.: Oblique electromagnetic electron cyclotron waves for kappa distribution with A.C. field in planetary magnetosphere. Adv. Space Res. 56, 714–724 (2015)
Podesta, J.J.: Landau damping in relativistic plasmas with power-law distributions and applications to solar wind electrons. Phys. Plasmas 15, 122902 (2008)
Sazhin, S.S.: Oblique whistler mode growth and damping in a hot anisotropic plasma. Planet. Space Sci. 36, 663–667 (1988)
Scarf, F.L., Gurnett, D.A., Kurth, W.S.: Jupiter plasma wave observations: an initial Voyager 1 overview. Science 204, 991 (1979)
Shklyar, D., Matsumoto, H.: Oblique whistler-mode waves in the inhomogeneous magnetospheric plasma: resonant interactions with energetic charged particles. Surv. Geophys. 30, 55–104 (2009)
Smith, B.A., Soderblom, L.A., Johnson, T.V., Ingersoll, A.P., Collins, S.A., Shoemaker, E.M., Hunt, G.E., Masursky, H., Carr, M.H., Davies, M.E., Cook, A.F. II, Boyce, J., Danielson, G.E., Owen, T., Sagan, C., Beebe, R.F., Veverka, J., Strom, R.G., Mccauley, J.F., Morrison, D., Briggs, G.A., Suomi, V.E.: The Jupiter system through the eyes of Voyager 1. Science 204, 951 (1979)
Stix, T.H.: Waves in Plasmas. Springer, New York (1992)
Stone, R.G., Pedersen, B.M., Harvey, C.C., et al.: Ulysses radio and plasma wave observations in the Jupiter environment. Science 257, 1524 (1992)
Thomsen, M.F., Reisenfeld, D.B., Delapp, D.M., Tokar, R.L., Young, D.T., Crary, F.J., Sittler, E.C., McGraw, M.A., Williams, J.D.: Survey of ion plasma parameters in Saturn’s magnetosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 115, A10220 (2010)
Thorne, R.M., Coroniti, F.V.: A self-consistent model for Jupiter’s radiation belts. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Jupiter’s Radiation Environment, p. 363 (1972). JPL Tech. Memo. 33-543
Tokar, R.L., Gurnett, D.A., Bagenal, F.: The proton concentration in the vicinity of the Io plasma torus. J. Geophys. Res. 87, 10395 (1982a)
Tokar, R.L., Gurnett, D.A., Bagenal, F., Shaw, R.R.: Light ion concentrations in Jupiter’s inner magnetosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 87, 2241 (1982b)
Warwick, J.W.: Particles and fields near Jupiter. NASA CR-1685 (1970)
Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful to the Chairman, Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Director and members of PLANEX program, ISRO, for the financial support. We are thankful to Dr. Ashok K. Chauhan (Founder President, Amity University), Dr. Atul Chauhan (President, Amity University) and Dr. Balvinder Shukla (Vice Chancellor, Amity University) for their immense encouragement. We also express our gratitude to the reviewers for their expert comments for the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Agarwal, S., Pandey, R.S. & Jeyaseelan, C. Exploring the effect of various plasma parameters on whistler mode growth rates in the Jovian magnetosphere. Astrophys Space Sci 364, 133 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-019-3623-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-019-3623-z