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Inhibition of apoptotic potency by ligand stimulated thyroid hormone receptors located in mitochondria

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Abstract

We recently reported that shortened thyroid hormone receptor isoforms (TRs) can target mitochondria and acutely modulate inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated Ca2+ signaling when activated by thyroid hormone 3,5,3′-tri-iodothyronine (T3). Stimulation occurs via an increase in mitochondrial metabolism that is independent of transcriptional activity. Here, we present evidence that T3-bound xTRβA1s inhibit apoptotic activity mediated by cytochrome c release. An assay for apoptotic potency was modified to measure the ability of Xenopus oocyte extracts to induce morphological changes in isolated liver nuclei. Apoptotic potency was significantly decreased when oocyte extract was prepared from xTRβA1 expressing oocytes and treated with T3. The ability of T3 treatment to inhibit apoptosis was dependent on the expression of xTRβA1s in the mitochondrial fraction, not in the cytosolic fraction. T3 treatment also increased the membrane potential of isolated mitochondria prepared from oocytes expressing xTRβA1s but not from wildtype controls. We conclude that T3 acutely regulates cytochrome c release in a potential dependent manner by activating TRs located within mitochondria.

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Abbreviations

Ca2+ :

Calcium

IP3 :

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate

T3 :

3,5,3′-tri-iodothyronine

TRs:

Thyroid receptors

MBS:

Modified barth’s solution

ΔΨ:

Mitochondrial membrane potential

DEPC:

Diethyl pyrocarbonate

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank Erin Manitou and the Electron Microscopy Pathology Core and Victoria Centonze Frohlich and the Imaging Core Facility at UTHSCSA. Financial support: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant R01 GM48451 and PO1 AG19316.

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  1. Nuttawut Saelim

    Present address: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Pitsanulok, 65000, Thailand

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA

    Nuttawut Saelim, Deborah Holstein, Estrella S. Chocron & James Donald Lechleiter

  2. Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA

    Patricia Camacho

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  1. Nuttawut Saelim
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Correspondence to James Donald Lechleiter.

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Saelim, N., Holstein, D., Chocron, E.S. et al. Inhibition of apoptotic potency by ligand stimulated thyroid hormone receptors located in mitochondria. Apoptosis 12, 1781–1794 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-007-0109-1

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