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Biochar: Black Gold for Sustainable Agriculture and Fortification Against Plant Pathogens—A Review

  • Review Article / Übersichtsbeitrag
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Abstract

To support the search for alternate chemical-free strategies to enhance plant growth and control plant diseases, we present an overview of the potential use of Biochar (BC) a product synthesized through pyrolysis from organic and agricultural waste used as a soil amendment, in suppressing broad range plant pathogens. A broad-spectrum BC effect contributes to the control of soil and foliar pathogens by altering the root exudates mechanism of the host plant, soil health and nutrient mobilization that affect the colonization of antagonistic microorganisms. Induction of plant defense mechanism by adding BC in potting medium to reduce foliar pathogens by the activation of defensive responses and induction of reactive oxygen species signaling in the plant system. Although few reports have been found for controlling oomycetes, viruses and bacterial pathogens through the application of BC, reports indicated that adding BC has potentially changed the soil microbiota colonization which contributes to disease suppression. BC also controls nematodes and harmful insects of plants. In addition, the main mechanisms of action for plant parasitic nematodes are changes in soil structure and could increase the biocontrol microorganism in the rhizosphere which resists nematodes colonizing and penetrating the plant system. Using BC-based amendments is a promising strategy with a carbon sequestration strategy, created on zero waste, as part of the integrated management of pathogens and parasites. Comprehensively, it is needed to be standardized the dosage and feedstock of BC in terms of sustainable production and disease control.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agriculture, GC University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    Usman Arshad, Muhammad Ali & Muhammad Nadeem Shah

  2. Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey

    Muhammad Tanveer Altaf

  3. Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey

    Waqas Liaqat

  4. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases, Institute of Plant Protection, CAAS, Beijing, China

    Muhammad Jabran

  5. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Amjad Ali

Authors
  1. Usman Arshad
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  2. Muhammad Tanveer Altaf
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  3. Waqas Liaqat
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  4. Muhammad Ali
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  5. Muhammad Nadeem Shah
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  6. Muhammad Jabran
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  7. Muhammad Amjad Ali
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Contributions

UA prepared the original manuscript. MA, WL and MAA contributed to supervision, editing, conceptualization. MNS, MJ and MTL gathered relevant research articles and review the manuscript. All the authors also contributed to reviewing and editing of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muhammad Amjad Ali.

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Conflict of interest

U. Arshad, M.T. Altaf, W. Liaqat, M. Ali, M.N. Shah, M. Jabran and M.A. Ali declare that they have no competing interests.

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Arshad, U., Altaf, M.T., Liaqat, W. et al. Biochar: Black Gold for Sustainable Agriculture and Fortification Against Plant Pathogens—A Review. Journal of Crop Health 76, 385–396 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00952-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00952-y

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