Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the impacts of salicylic acid (1 mM SA) and putrescine (1 mM Put) on leaf osmolytes, seed reserve and oil accumulation and fatty acid composition of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under different watering levels (irrigations after 70 and 150 mm evaporation as normal irrigation and severe drought stress, and 70 → 90 → 110 → 130 → 150 and 70 → 100 → 130→150 as gradual and moderately gradual water deficits, respectively). The experiments were laid out as split plot on the bases of randomized complete block design in three replications. Water stress increased the contents of glycine betaine, proline, soluble sugars, and proteins. Application of SA and Put further enhanced the contents of glycine betaine and soluble sugars, while reduced proline content of leaves. Seed filling duration, seeds per plant, plant biomass and seed yield were decreased with increasing irrigation intervals. Exogenous SA and Put enhanced all of these parameters under different irrigation intervals. Oil accumulation in seeds was diminished as water stress severed. The gradual water deficit considerably reduced the impacts of drought stress on yield related traits and oil content per seed, due to stress acclimation of plants. Oil content of seeds was augmented by SA and Put treatments through prolonging seed filling duration, particularly under limited irrigations. Percentages of palmitic acid and stearic acid (saturated fatty acids) were not affected by water limitation. However, unsaturated fatty acids of linoleic and linolenic acids were reduced, and oleic acid was enhanced due to water shortage. Unsaturation index was improved by SA and Put treatments under severe water stress as a result of decreasing oleic acid and increasing linoleic and linolenic acids contents. The SA spray was the best treatment for improving rapeseed seed and oil production under normal and stressful conditions.
Zusammenfassung
In den Jahren 2017 und 2018 wurden zwei Feldversuche durchgeführt, um die Auswirkungen von Salicylsäure (1 mM SA) und Putrescin (1 mM Put) auf die Blattosmolyte, die Samenreserve und die Ölakkumulation sowie die Fettsäurezusammensetzung von Raps (Brassica napus L.) unter verschiedenen Bewässerungsniveaus (Bewässerungen nach 70 und 150 mm Verdunstung als normale Bewässerung und schwerer Trockenstress sowie 70 → 90 → 110 → 130 → 150 und 70 → 100 → 130 → 150 als allmähliches bzw. mäßig allmähliches Wasserdefizit). Die Versuche wurden als Split Plot auf der Grundlage eines randomisierten vollständigen Blockversuchs mit drei Wiederholungen angelegt. Wasserstress erhöhte den Gehalt an Glycinbetain, Prolin, löslichen Zuckern und Proteinen. Die Anwendung von SA und Put erhöhte den Gehalt an Glycinbetain und löslichen Zuckern weiter, während der Prolingehalt der Blätter sank. Die Dauer der Kornfüllung, die Samen pro Pflanze, die Pflanzenbiomasse und der Samenertrag nahmen mit zunehmenden Bewässerungsintervallen ab. Exogenes SA und Put verbesserten alle diese Parameter bei unterschiedlichen Bewässerungsintervallen. Die Ölakkumulation in den Samen nahm mit abnehmendem Wasserstress ab. Das allmähliche Wasserdefizit verringerte die Auswirkungen von Trockenstress auf ertragsbezogene Merkmale und den Ölgehalt der Samen erheblich, was auf die Stressakklimatisierung der Pflanzen zurückzuführen ist. Der Ölgehalt der Samen wurde durch SA- und Put-Behandlungen erhöht, indem die Dauer der Kornfüllung verlängert wurde, insbesondere bei eingeschränkter Bewässerung. Der prozentuale Anteil von Palmitinsäure und Stearinsäure (gesättigte Fettsäuren) wurde durch die Wasserbegrenzung nicht beeinflusst. Die ungesättigten Fettsäuren Linol- und Linolensäure wurden jedoch reduziert und die Ölsäure wurde durch den Wassermangel erhöht. Der Index der ungesättigten Fettsäuren wurde durch SA- und Put-Behandlungen unter starkem Wasserstress verbessert, da der Gehalt an Ölsäure sank und der an Linol- und Linolensäure stieg. Die SA-Anwendung war die beste Behandlung zur Verbesserung der Raps- und der Ölproduktion unter normalen und stressigen Bedingungen.
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We appreciate the financial support of this work by the University of Tabriz.
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H. Mabudi Bilasvar, K. Ghassemi-Golezani and A.D. Mohammadi Nassab declare that they have no competing interests.
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Mabudi Bilasvar, H., Ghassemi-Golezani, K. & Mohammadi Nassab, A.D. Seed Development, Oil Accumulation and Fatty Acid Composition of Drought Stressed Rapeseed Plants Affected by Salicylic Acid and Putrescine. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 333–345 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00612-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00612-z