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Fruit Yield, Quality, and Stability in Sapota (Manilkaraachras [Mill.] Fosb.) Varieties: Under Short‑, Medium- and Long-Term Evaluation

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Abstract

A sapota varietal experiment was conducted under rainfed conditions for 15 fruiting seasons (2003–2018) with three phases of 5 years each with varieties: ‘Murabba’, ‘Cricket Ball’, ‘Bhuripatti’, ‘Kalipatti’, ‘Jhumakiya’, ‘Mahayoti’, ‘PKM-1’, ‘DHS-1’ and ‘DHS-2’. Based on the initial five fruiting seasons (Phase I), ‘Murabba’ and ‘Jhumakiya’ were found to be promising, while in Phase II and III, ‘Murabba’ and ‘Cricket Ball’ had significantly higher yields. The cumulative yields in Phase I correlated poorly to overall cumulative yields (2003–2018). However, yields during Phase II and III strongly correlated to the overall yields for sapota varieties. This showed that recommending a sapota variety based on 10 years of data is equally effective as that of 15 years, indicating the scope of shortening of varietal recommendation duration. Our study also indicated a significant increase in the fruit weight and pulp content (%) with increasing tree age. ‘DHS-1’, ‘DHS-2’, and ‘Murabba’ produced the largest fruits. The pooled data showed that sapota variety ‘DHS-1’ and ‘Murabba’ had significantly higher pulp (%). The variety × phase interaction was also a significant source of variability among all characteristics except for number of seeds, TSS and acidity. The stability analysis based on regression coefficient (bi) revealed that all the sapota varieties had a stable yield with a regression coefficient near to one. After the evaluation, it was found that ‘Murabba’ and ‘Cricket Ball’ performed best among the varieties compared and is suitable for commercial cultivation in the East India Plateau (EIP) region of India.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Head of the Fruit Research Station, Gandevi, Gujarat, for providing the planting material for the study.

Funding

This work was supported by the ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, India, under the Institute project (ICAR-RCER/HARP/2001/03).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR—Research Complex for Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, 834 010, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    M. K. Dhakar, Bikash Das, Mathua Rai & Vishal Nath

  2. ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 825405, Goriakarma, Jharkhand, India

    Vishal Nath

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  1. M. K. Dhakar
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  2. Bikash Das
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Contributions

Conceptualization—B. Das, M. Rai, V. Nath; methodology—B. Das, M. Rai, V. Nath; investigation—B. Das, M. K. Dhakar writing original draft preparation—M. K. Dhakar, B. Das.

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Correspondence to Bikash Das.

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M. K. Dhakar, B. Das, M. Rai and V. Nath declare that they have no competing interests.

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Dhakar, M.K., Das, B., Rai, M. et al. Fruit Yield, Quality, and Stability in Sapota (Manilkaraachras [Mill.] Fosb.) Varieties: Under Short‑, Medium- and Long-Term Evaluation. Erwerbs-Obstbau 65, 557–566 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-023-00836-5

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