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Storability of ‘Conference’ Pear Under Various Controlled Atmospheres

Lagerfähigkeit der Birnensorte ‘Conference’ bei unterschiedlichen CA-Bedingungen

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Abstract

In two consecutive experimental seasons it was investigated the storage capacity of ‘Conference’ pear (Pyrus communis, L.) under regular air (RA) and various controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions during six months at 0 °C (±0.3). The occurrence flesh browning (FB), core browning (CB) and cavity formation (CF) was evaluated at each 2‑months storage intervals and the ripening quality traits analyzed immediately at the end of storage period and after 7 days of shelf-life in air at 20 °C. The storage conditions were: RA; 0.5 kPa O2 + 0.5 kPa CO2; 1.5 kPa O2 + 1.5 kPa CO2, 2.0 kPa O2 + 1.0 kPa CO2; 3.0 kPa O2 + 6.0 kPa CO2 and 0.5 kPa O2 + 6.0 kPa CO2. After six months, ‘Conference’ pear was very susceptible to FB, CB and CF under CA-storage. The damages started to develop at the second month of storage, increasing continuously until end of storage period. At storage end, pear fruits kept under 0.5 kPa O2 + 6.0 kPa CO2 showed a dramatic high occurrence of FB, CB and CF with a severity index of 50.6, 45.3 and 27.1, respectively. The lowest incidences of FB, CB and CF were scored in fruits kept at 2.0 kPa O2 + 1.0 kPa CO2 with severity indexes of 1.1, 1.1 and 1.0, respectively. Flesh firmness, skin color, titratable acidity and total soluble solids were satisfactory under 2.0 kPa O2 + 1.0 kPa CO2. In conclusion, ‘Conference’ pear cannot be stored under O2 partial pressure lower than 2.0 kPa and CO2 higher than 0.5 kPa.

Zusammenfassung

In zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Versuchsjahren wurde die Lagerungsfähigkeit von Früchten der Birnensorte ‘Conference’ (Pyrus communis, L.) bei Kühllagerung in normaler Atmosphäre und unter verschiedenen CA-Bedingungen über einen Zeitraum von sechs Monaten bei 0 °C (±0,3) untersucht. Der Befall mit Fleischbräune, Kernhausbräune und Kavernenbildung im Fruchtfleisch wurde im Abstand von zwei Monaten während der Lagerung bonitiert. Die Reifequalitätsmerkmale wurden bei Lagerende sowohl nach der Auslagerung als auch nach 7 Tagen Nachlagerung in normaler Atmosphäre bei 20 °C gemessen. Die untersuchten Lagerungsvarianten waren: Kühllagerung; 0,5 kPa O2 + 0,5 kPa CO2; 1,5 kPa O2 + 1,5 kPa CO2, 2,0 kPa O2 + 1,0 kPa CO2; 3,0 kPa O2 + 6,0 kPa CO2 und 0,5 kPa O2 + 6,0 kPa CO2. Nach sechsmonatiger Lagerung verhielt sich die Birnensorte ‘Conference’ gegenüber dem Auftreten von Fleischbräune, Kernhausbräune und Kavernenbildung bei CA-Lagerung sehr empfindlich. Die physiologischen Frucherkrankungen traten bereits nach zwei Monaten Lagerung auf und stiegen kontinuierlich bis zum Lagerende an. Bei Lagerende zeigten die unter 0,5 kPa O2 + 6,0 kPa CO2 gelagerten Birnen einen dramatischen hohen Befall an Fleischbräune, Kernhausbräune und Kavernenbildung mit einem Schadindex von 50,6, 45,3 und 27,1. Der niedrigste Befall an Fleischbräune, Kernhausbräune und Kavernenbildung wurde bei Früchten beobachtet, die bei 2,0 kPa O2 + 1,0 kPa CO2 gelagert wurden und zwar mit einem Schadindex von 1,1; 1,1 und 1,0. Die Fruchfleischfestigkeit, die Grundfarbe der Fruchtschale, die titrierbare Säure und die lösliche Trockensubstanz waren bei der Lagerungsvariante 2,0 kPa O2 + 1,0 kPa CO2 ausreichend. Nach diesen Ergebnissen lässt sich die Aussage treffen, dass Früchte der Birnensorte ‘Conference’ nicht unter einem O2-Partialdruck von 2,0 kPa O2 bzw. nicht über einen CO2-Partialdruck von 0,5 gelagert werden sollten.

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Correspondence to Adriano Arriel Saquet.

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A.A. Saquet declares that he has no competing interests.

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Saquet, A.A. Storability of ‘Conference’ Pear Under Various Controlled Atmospheres. Erwerbs-Obstbau 60, 275–280 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-018-0369-7

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