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Manganese nutrition improves the productivity and grain biofortification of fine grain aromatic rice in conventional and conservation production systems

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Abstract

Manganese (Mn) deficiency is prevalent in rice-growing regions resulting in poor paddy yield and human health. In this study, role of Mn, applied through various methods, in improving the productivity and grain biofortification of fine grain aromatic rice was evaluated. Manganese was delivered as soil application (SA) (0.5 kg ha−1), foliar spray (FA) (0.02 M Mn), seed priming (SP) (0.1 M Mn) and seed coating (SC) (2 g Mn kg−1 seed) in conventional (puddled transplanted flooded rice) and conservation (direct seeded aerobic rice) production systems at two different sites (Faisalabad, Sheikhupura) in Punjab, Pakistan. Manganese application, through either method, improved the grain yield and grain Mn contents of fine grain aromatic rice grown in both production systems at both sites. However, Mn application as SC and FA was the most beneficial and cost effective in improving the productivity and grain biofortification in this regard. Overall, order of improvement in grain yield was SC (3.85 t ha−1) > FA (3.72 t ha−1) > SP (3.61 t ha−1) > SA (3.36 t ha−1). Maximum net benefits and benefit–cost ratio were obtained through Mn SC in flooded field at Faisalabad, which was followed by Mn SP in direct seeded aerobic rice at the same site. However, maximum marginal rate of return was noted with Mn SC in direct seeded aerobic rice at both sites. In crux, Mn nutrition improved the productivity and grain biofortification of fine grain aromatic rice grown in both conventional and conservation production systems. However, Mn application as seed treatment (SC or SP) was the most cost effective and economical.

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Abbreviations

SA:

Soil application

FA:

Foliar application

SP:

Seed priming

SC:

Seed coating

DSAR:

Direct seeded aerobic rice

PudTR:

Puddled transplanted rice

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Acknowledgements

The financial support from Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (Grant No. 1871) to conduct this work is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Aman Ullah, Muhammad Farooq, Asif Nadeem, Abdul Rehman & Ahmad Nawaz

  2. The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia

    Muhammad Farooq

  3. Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany

    Muhammad Farooq

  4. Centre for Climate Research and Development, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Saeed A. Asad

Authors
  1. Aman Ullah
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  2. Muhammad Farooq
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  3. Asif Nadeem
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  4. Abdul Rehman
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  5. Saeed A. Asad
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  6. Ahmad Nawaz
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Correspondence to Muhammad Farooq.

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Ullah, A., Farooq, M., Nadeem, A. et al. Manganese nutrition improves the productivity and grain biofortification of fine grain aromatic rice in conventional and conservation production systems. Paddy Water Environ 15, 563–572 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-016-0573-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-016-0573-8

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