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Plaque accumulation on titanium disks with different surface treatments: an in vivo investigation

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Abstract

Implants with rough surfaces are today widely used. It has been speculated that rough surfaces (Ra > 0.2 μm) provide a better “substrate” for retention and accumulation of plaque in terms of area, thickness and colony-forming unit that can eventually lead to peri mucositis and/or peri-implantitis. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate in vivo the plaque accumulation after 48 h on three implant surfaces with different treatments. For this investigation, we used 21 sterilized titanium disks, with a diameter of 8mm and a thickness of 3 mm, provided by the manufacturer: 7 with machined surface, as smooth control, 7 with HA grit sandblasted RBM surface and 7 with Ca++ incorporated in titanium Xpeed surface. One disk for each surface treatment was characterized at time 0 by SEM and AFM to study, respectively, the surface morphology and roughness. The other 18 disks were mounted randomly on three upper acrylic bites in a buccal lateral position, worn for 48 h by three volunteer students for plaque accumulation. After 48 h each disk was removed and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by an independent operator, not involved into the study, in order to avoid bias. Data collected were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The qualitative analysis showed no differences in terms of total plaque accumulation between the surfaces. Data from quantitative analysis using Anova Test showed no significance between all groups. In this in vivo investigation all the surfaces studied promoted plaque formation. The degree of surface roughness seems not to be a critical factor for plaque accumulation.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance and the CIGS (Interdepartments Center for Big Instruments) of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia for the use of their facilities and electronic instruments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, School of Dentistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy

    Enrico Conserva, Luigi Generali, Alberto Bandieri, Francesco Borghi & Ugo Consolo

  2. Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy

    Francesco Cavani

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  1. Enrico Conserva
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  2. Luigi Generali
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  3. Alberto Bandieri
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  4. Francesco Cavani
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Correspondence to Enrico Conserva.

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Conserva, E., Generali, L., Bandieri, A. et al. Plaque accumulation on titanium disks with different surface treatments: an in vivo investigation. Odontology 106, 145–153 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-017-0317-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-017-0317-2

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