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Phylogenetic relationships among subgenera, species, and varieties of Japanese Salvia L. (Lamiaceae)

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Abstract

To determine evolutionary relationships among all Japanese members of the genus Salvia (Lamiaceae), we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses of two chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) regions (rbcL and the intergenic spacer region of trnL−trnF:trnL−trnF) and one nuclear DNA (nrDNA) region (internal transcribed spacer, ITS). In cpDNA, nrDNA, and cpDNA+nrDNA trees, we found evidence that all Japanese and two Taiwanese Salvia species are included in a clade with other Asian Salvia, and Japanese Salvia species were distributed among three subclades: (1) S. plebeia (subgenus Sclarea), (2) species belonging to subg. Salvia, and (3) species belonging to subg. Allagospadonopsis. At the specific level our findings suggest: a close relationship between S. nipponica and S. glabrescens, no support for monophyly of S. lutescens and its varieties in cpDNA, nrDNA and cpDNA+nrDNA trees, and that S. pygmaea var. simplicior may be more closely related to S. japonica than to other varieties of S. pygmaea.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Kensei Akai, Hiroshi Azuma, Noriyuki Fujii, Shizuka Fuse, Eiko Gotoh, Yasushi Ibaragi, Teruo Katsuyama, Chizuko Kushida, Nobuhira Kurosaki, Jun Matsumoto, Makoto Ogawa, Toshiyuki Satoh, Akira Takahashi, Kazuo Terada, Nobuko Yamamoto, and Shunsuke Tsugaru for helping us in the field or providing plant materials, references, and information. We also thank curators of KYO, KPM, and TKPM for allowing us to use their collections and facilities. Jardin Botanique, Ville de Nice, kindly provided Alziar’s catalog of Salvia. The two anonymous reviewers gave us useful comments on earlier version of our manuscript. This study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (no. 20570094) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) to H.O.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo. 6 chome, Yayoigaoka, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1546, Japan

    Atsuko Takano

  2. Botanical Gardens, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, Kisaichi 2000, Katano, Osaka, 576-0004, Japan

    Hiroshi Okada

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  1. Atsuko Takano
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  2. Hiroshi Okada
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Correspondence to Atsuko Takano.

Electronic supplementary material

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ESM 1. Taxa, Genbank accession number and voucher specimens/references used in this study (XLS 18 kb)

10265_2010_367_MOESM2_ESM.xls

ESM 2. Features of the combined data of rbcL and the intergenic spacer region of trnL-F sequences of chloroplast DNA and ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA of the species studied (XLS 33 kb)

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Takano, A., Okada, H. Phylogenetic relationships among subgenera, species, and varieties of Japanese Salvia L. (Lamiaceae). J Plant Res 124, 245–252 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-010-0367-9

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