Abstract
A theorem due to G. D. Birkhoff states that every essential curve which is invariant under a symplectic twist map of the annulus is the graph of a Lipschitz map. We prove: if the graph of a Lipschitz map h:T→R is invariant under a symplectic twist map, then h is a little bit more regular than simply Lipschitz (Theorem 1); we deduce that there exists a Lipschitz map h:T→R whose graph is invariant under no symplectic twist map (Corollary 2).
Assuming that the dynamic of a twist map restricted to a Lipschitz graph is bi-Lipschitz conjugate to a rotation, we obtain that the graph is even C 1 (Theorem 3).
Then we consider the case of the C 0 integrable symplectic twist maps and we prove that for such a map, there exists a dense G δ subset of the set of its invariant curves such that every curve of this G δ subset is C 1 (Theorem 4).
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Arnaud, MC. Three results on the regularity of the curves that are invariant by an exact symplectic twist map. Publ.math.IHES 109, 1–17 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10240-009-0017-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10240-009-0017-8