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Biodiesel production from supernatant waste cooking oil by a simple one-step technique: calorific value optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) based on D-optimal design

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Abstract

Present work studied the use of waste cooking oil (WCO) from catering facilities in Iran, to produce biodiesel under optimal conditions, using a novel modeling approach. Response surface methodology based on D-optimal design, was used to maximize biodiesel calorific value. Collected WCO samples were centrifuged leading to a supernatant phase (S-WCO), used to produce biodiesel, and a bottom phase (B-WCO). According to the modeling results, optimal conditions for maximum calorific value (9500.74 kcal/kg) were determined as 50 °C, 45 min, methanol to S-WCO ratio 10:1, and 0.56 wt% catalyst. Regression analysis of experimental data founded a significant relationship between methanol to oil ratio, catalyst and temperature, with the calorific value in a 95% confidence level. Based on the results of ANOVA´s analysis, it can be assured that the proposed quadratic model is suitable for the optimization of biodiesel calorific values. Physicochemical properties of the obtained biodiesel were consistent with fuel specifications of German, American or European standards. Moreover, considering that B-WCO shows an excellent potential for production of solid alcohol, it can be concluded that WCOs are a valuable, sustainable, accessible and safe alternative for the development of large-scale biorefinery facilities that may help reducing environmental and energy supply concerns.

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Acknowledgements

This study is part of a Ph.D. thesis and funded by Grant numbers 98-3-110-45892 and ethics approval ID IR.TUMS.SPH.REC.1398.296 from the Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ramin Nabizadeh, Kamyar Yaghmaeian, Amir Hossein Mahvi & Abbas Norouzian Baghani

  2. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ramin Nabizadeh, Kamyar Yaghmaeian, Amir Hossein Mahvi, Masud Yunesian & Abbas Norouzian Baghani

  3. Department of Physical Chemistry and Applied Thermodynamics, Edf. Leonardo da Vinci, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Córdoba, Spain

    I. L. García

  4. Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

    Sodeh Sadjadi

  5. Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Masud Yunesian

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  1. Ramin Nabizadeh
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Nabizadeh, R., García, I.L., Sadjadi, S. et al. Biodiesel production from supernatant waste cooking oil by a simple one-step technique: calorific value optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) based on D-optimal design. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 25, 3567–3583 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-023-01779-5

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