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Resource and toxic characterization in end-of-life vehicles through dismantling survey

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to obtain useful information for end-of-life (ELV) management through a dismantling survey. Six vehicles, comprising conventional and next-generation (hybrid electric vehicles HEV; electric vehicles EV) ELVs, were dismantled. The dismantling survey allowed identification of material composition and of parts distribution; For instance, the printed wiring board content ranged from 0.74 to 4.1 kg for conventional vehicles, 3.8 kg for HEV, and 7.9 kg for EV. Resource and/or toxic contents were also estimated per ELV at an elemental level, using chemical analysis and data from previous studies. Rare earth element (REE) contents were 3100 g for HEV and 710 g for EV, compared with 22–64 g for conventional vehicles. Precious metal contents (sum of Rh, Pd, Pt, Ag, and Au) were 3.1–9.6 g. Brominated flame retardants were also detected from 13 interior materials. Related to the element contents per ELV, next-generation vehicles tended to contain a wider variety of elements in higher amounts than did conventional vehicles. In some elements including REEs significant variations in the contents per ELV were noted among the studies on ELVs reported so far; these uncertainties should be considered in life cycle assessments for ELV recycling schemes.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (Grant Number K123001 and 3K153001), from the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. We are grateful for the cooperation of Metal Recycling Co., Ltd.; ReverHoldings Co., Ltd.; and Environmental Control Center Co., Ltd.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environment Preservation Research Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Junya Yano, Guochang Xu, Heping Liu & Shin-ichi Sakai

  2. Environmental Control Center Co., Ltd., 323-1 Shimongatamachi Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0154, Japan

    Toshiyuki Toyoguchi & Hisao Iwasawa

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  1. Junya Yano
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Correspondence to Junya Yano.

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Yano, J., Xu, G., Liu, H. et al. Resource and toxic characterization in end-of-life vehicles through dismantling survey. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 21, 1488–1504 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-019-00902-9

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