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Efficacy of Er:YAG laser for the peri-implantitis treatment and microbiological changes: a randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

The aims of this study were to identify the microbiological changes in the periodontal pockets following an Er:YAG laser (ERL) irradiation and mechanical debridement to compare the effectiveness of ERL irradiation to mechanical debridement for peri-implantitis treatment through randomized controlled trials. Twenty-three patients with peri-implantitis lesions were treated in either a test group, ERL set at energy level of 100 mJ/pulse, frequency of 10 Hz, pulse duration was 100 µs, and irradiated by three passages, or a control group, with mechanical debridement using an ultrasonic scaler. An examiner measured the following clinical parameters at different stages (a baseline and at 3- and 6-month post-treatment): probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), marginal bone loss (MBL), and anaerobic bacteria counts. Linear regression, with generalized estimation equations, was used to compare the clinical parameters and anaerobic bacterial counts at different stages and between groups. The anaerobic bacterial counts significantly decreased within the control group during the follow-ups. At the 6-month follow-up, both groups showed a significant reduction in PD (test group: mean difference of 0.84 mm; control group: mean difference of 0.41 mm), and the test group showed a significantly higher PD reduction on the buccal site (1.31 mm) compared to that of the control group (0.25 mm). Both ERL and mechanical debridement treatments led to significant improvements in PD. When mechanical debridement therapy was used, significant anaerobic bacterial count reductions were observed. Future treatment of peri-implantitis should involve a combination of both of these therapies.

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Data availability

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author within the framework of a scientific cooperation.

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Funding

This work was supported by Southern Taiwan Science Park, Taiwan (grant number BX-04–11-21–106).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan

    Jen-Hao Chen

  2. School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan

    Jen-Hao Chen, Jung-Chang Kung & Chern-Hsiung Lai

  3. Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan

    Ying-Chun Lin

  4. Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan

    Ying-Chun Lin & Kun-Tsung Lee

  5. Division of Clinical Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan

    Jung-Chang Kung, Yi-Min Wu & Kun-Tsung Lee

  6. Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan

    Dah-You Yan & I-Hui Chen

  7. College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan

    You-Syun Jheng

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  1. Jen-Hao Chen
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Contributions

All authors made substantial contributions to present study. J.-H.C. and K.-T.L. designed the study. C.-H.L. and Y.-M.W. analyzed and interpreted the patient data regarding the disease. D.-Y.Y., I.-H.C., Y.-C.L., and J.-C.K. reviewed and edited the original draft preparation. J.-H.C., K.-T.L., and Y.-C.L. was a major contributor in writing the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kun-Tsung Lee.

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Ethics approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (IRB No.: KMUH-IRB-F(II)-20170083) and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04811144).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Chen, JH., Lin, YC., Kung, JC. et al. Efficacy of Er:YAG laser for the peri-implantitis treatment and microbiological changes: a randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 37, 3517–3525 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-022-03627-8

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