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Neuroglial components of brain lesions may provide new therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis

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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which leads to focal demyelinated lesions in the brain and spinal cord. Failure of remyelination contributes to chronic disability in young adults. Characterization of events occurring during the demyelination and remyelination processes and those of which subsequently limit remyelination or contribute to demyelination can provide the possibility of new therapies development for MS. Most of the currently available therapies and investigations modulate immune responses and mediators. Since most therapeutic strategies have unsatisfied outcomes, developing new therapies that enhance brain lesion repair is a priority. A close look at cellular and chemical components of MS lesions will pave the way to a better understanding of lesions pathology and will provide possible opportunities for repair strategies and targeted pharmacotherapy. This review summarizes the lesion components and features, particularly the detrimental elements, and discusses the possibility of suggesting new potential targets as therapies for demyelinating diseases like MS.

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Funding

This study was supported by grants from Royan Institute (grant number #2100) and Tarbiat Modares University (grant number no. 310860) provided to M.J.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

    Akram Mokhtarzadeh Khanghahi, Hossein Baharvand & Mohammad Javan

  2. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Atefeh Rayatpour & Mohammad Javan

  3. Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Atefeh Rayatpour & Mohammad Javan

  4. International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Mohammad Javan

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  1. Akram Mokhtarzadeh Khanghahi
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  2. Atefeh Rayatpour
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  3. Hossein Baharvand
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  4. Mohammad Javan
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AMK and AR drafted the first version of the paper; HB and MJ revised and edited the paper; MJ raised up the concept and approved the final version of the paper.

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Correspondence to Mohammad Javan.

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Mokhtarzadeh Khanghahi, A., Rayatpour, A., Baharvand, H. et al. Neuroglial components of brain lesions may provide new therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci 44, 3795–3807 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-023-06915-5

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