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Increased systemic immune-inflammation index can predict respiratory failure in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome

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Abstract

Background

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a common peripheral neuropathy with relatively heterogenous clinical manifestations. In severe cases, it can result in disabling neuromuscular symptoms and respiratory failure. In this study, we assessed whether the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is associated with respiratory failure in GBS patients.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathological data from GBS patients diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. SII was calculated based on counts of neutrophils (N), platelets (P), and lymphocytes (L). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff values for SII, N, P, and L. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to determine the ability of the SII to predict respiratory failure.

Results

Among the 369 GBS patients in this study, 61 (16.5%) suffered respiratory failure. Multivariate logistic regression showed that N ≥ 6.03 × 109/l, Hughes Functional Grading Scale (HFGS) score ≥ 3 at admission, and SII ≥ 863.04 × 109/l can independently predict respiratory failure in GBS patients. SII showed higher predictive ability than N, based on area under the ROC curve (0.75 vs. 0.72).

Conclusion

SII may be a novel independent prognostic indicator of respiratory failure in GBS patients, helping physicians identify those at risk in a timely manner.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

The code used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Guillain-Barré syndrome patients for their participation in our study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Ningbo Medical Center Li-Huili Hospital, Ningbo, China

    Xiping Wu, Haifeng Wang, Guomin Xie & Shuqing Lin

  2. Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295, Xi Change Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China

    Chang Ji

Authors
  1. Xiping Wu
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  2. Haifeng Wang
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  3. Guomin Xie
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  4. Shuqing Lin
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  5. Chang Ji
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Xiping Wu, Haifeng Wang, and Chang Ji; methodology: Guomin Xie and Shuqing Lin; formal analysis and investigation: Xiping Wu, Haifeng Wang, Guomin Xie, and Shuqing Lin; writing-original draft preparation: Xiping Wu; writing-review and editing: Xiping Wu and Chang Ji; Supervision: Chang Ji.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chang Ji.

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Ethics approval

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.

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All patients provided written informed consent for their anonymized clinical data to be analyzed and published for research purposes.

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All patients provided written informed consent for their anonymized clinical data to be analyzed and published for research purposes.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Heading

1. We show here the first evidence that one novel inflammatory marker, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), is an independent predictor of respiratory failure in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

2. We further show that the predictive ability of SII is better than that of neutrophils, platelets, and lymphocytes counts when considered individually.

3. We demonstrated that SII levels are associated with the severity of symptoms at admission and with short-term prognosis of the disease.

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Wu, X., Wang, H., Xie, G. et al. Increased systemic immune-inflammation index can predict respiratory failure in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurol Sci 43, 1223–1231 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05420-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05420-x

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