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Relationship between hydraulic conductivity and occurrence of fault rocks in Yangsan fault zone, Korea

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Abstract

Fault rocks that occur in the Yugye segment of the Yangsan fault zone, South Korea, are classified based on information from geological field and drilling surveys, including total core recovery, rock quality designation, particle size distribution analysis, characterization of fault rocks intersected in boreholes, and hydraulic conductivity values established from Lugeon tests. The classification assigns fault rocks to three categories, i.e., fault damage zone, fault breccia, or fault gouge, with average hydraulic conductivities of 1.22 × 10−6, 2.07 × 10−4, and 2.57 × 10−5 cm/s, respectively. The hydraulic conductivity of the sedimentary host rock is 2.76 × 10−6 cm/s, similar to that of the fault damage zones, which suggests that the multiple fractures in the fault damage zones are closed in situ. The hydraulic conductivity of the fault core (fault breccia and fault gouge) is greater than that of the fault damage zones and host rocks by one or two orders of magnitude. In addition, the permeability of the fault breccia is greater than that of the fault gouge, which contains more clay. The hydraulic conductivity of both the fault breccia and fault gouge show a positive correlation (R2 ≥ 97%) with increasing fragment content.

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Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2021R1F1A1061133).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1, Chungdae-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28644, Korea

    Seong-Woo Moon & Yong-Seok Seo

  2. Department of Disaster Prevention Engineering, Chungbuk National University, 1, Chungdae-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28644, Korea

    Hyeong-Sin Kim

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Moon, SW., Kim, HS. & Seo, YS. Relationship between hydraulic conductivity and occurrence of fault rocks in Yangsan fault zone, Korea. Bull Eng Geol Environ 81, 365 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02875-w

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