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EPDM rubber-based membranes for electrochemical water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction reactions

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Abstract

Considering the importance of storing electricity derived from any of the renewable energy resources such as sunlight in the form of chemical fuels using carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as energy storing materials, for the first time, “ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)” rubber-based membranes are introduced to separate two compartments of electrochemical cells employed to perform water splitting and CO2 reduction reactions. Unlike commercial Zirfon® Perl membrane, the polypropylene (PP) cloth web-reinforced EPDM rubber–CaCO3 composite membrane was found to be quite stable in non-aqueous aprotic electrolyte solution of acetonitrile (MeCN) containing n-Bu4NPF6 and bmim-BF4 used for performing electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) reaction over Sn, MoSi2, and TiN thin film cathodes. The overpotentials noted for ECR reaction over TiN thin film were in the range of 55 mV to 138 mV with a current density of > 100 mA/cm2. The concentrations of CO2 and bmim-BF4 in the electrolyte solution had a significant effect on the reaction outcome. The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance of a zero-gap single-cell alkaline–electrolyzer stack containing a PP web-reinforced EPDM rubber–ZrO2 composite membrane and nickel foam electrodes was found to be comparable with the same single-cell electrolyzer stack containing Zirfon® Perl membrane. The overpotentials associated with HER and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) over Ni electrodes in 30 wt.% aqueous KOH solution were found to be about 200 mV and 495 mV, respectively, and the current densities associated with these reactions have been noted to be > 150 mA/cm2, which are must for industrial practice of this reaction. Furthermore, the results of electrochemical reactions generated in this study suggest that unlike Zirfon® Perl membrane, the EPDM rubber-based membranes are quite inexpensive for electrochemical water splitting reaction and quite stable in MeCN-based non-aqueous aprotic electrolyte to perform ECR reaction.

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Acknowledgements

The author wishes to express his gratitude to all his colleagues at ARCI, Hyderabad, for their kind contributions to this study.

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  1. Centre of Excellence for Artificial Photosynthesis, International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), Balapur Post, Hyderabad–500 005, Telangana, India

    Ibram Ganesh

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Ganesh, I. EPDM rubber-based membranes for electrochemical water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction reactions. J Solid State Electrochem (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-023-05479-w

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