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Evaluation of palate-related factors of the effectiveness of microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion in late adolescents and adults

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Abstract

Introduction

This study investigated the factors of the effectiveness of microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in late adolescents and adults, such as age, midpalatal suture maturation (MPSM) stage, palate length (PL), palatal index (PI), and midpalatal bone thickness (MBT), and at each microimplant position, the palate bone thickness (PBT), the nasal cortical bone thickness (CoTN), the cancellous bone thickness (CaT), and the palate cortical bone thickness (CoTP) were evaluated.

Methods

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 50 patients (mean, 23.30 ± 7.03 years; range, 16–51 years) treated with MARPE were evaluated. Maxillary expansion ratio (MER) was used to assess the MARPE effectiveness and grouped patients into low and high MER groups according to the mean of MER. MER was the ratio of maxillary expansion width to MARPE screw expansion measured in CBCT images. The t-test was used to analyze the differences between the low and high MER groups. The Pearson correlation test was performed to investigate the correlation between MER and age, MPSM stage, PL, PI, MBT, PBT, CoTN, CaT, and CoTP.

Results

Age, MPSM stage, and MBT in regions 18 mm and 21 mm behind the incisor foramen correlated negatively with MER (\(r = -0.340\), − 0.390, − 0.386, and − 0.335, respectively, all \(P<0.05\)), whereas PBT and CoTN of anterior microimplant positions correlated positively with MER (\(r = 0.365\) and 0.418, respectively, all \(P<0.01\)). No correlation was observed between other variables and MER.

Conclusions

MARPE effectiveness decreased as age and midpalatal suture maturation stage increased, respectively. Thinner midpalatal suture bone in regions 18 mm and 21 mm behind the incisor foramen, thicker palate bone, and nasal cortical bone of anterior microimplant positions were related to more effective MARPE.

Clinical relevance

In patients with older chronological age and later MPSM stages, MARPE effectiveness might be unsatisfactory. Clinicians should carefully evaluate the palate bone thickness before MARPE treatment.

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Data availability

The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81970964 to Jie Guo).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China

    Xiuping Nie, Xin Zhang, Ying Liu, Shiyi Yan, Yanling Men & Jie Guo

  2. Department of Radiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China

    Jian Yu

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  1. Xiuping Nie
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Contributions

Xiuping Nie: study conception and design, material preparation, data collection and analysis, writing—original draft. Xin Zhang: writing—review and editing. Jie Guo and Jian Yu: guidance throughout the study and manuscript editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jian Yu or Jie Guo.

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Ethics approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Research Ethics Committee of Shandong University Dental School (Protocol No. 20210821).

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Informed consent was not required for this retrospective study. All data were de-identified to ensure confidentiality.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Xiuping Nie and Xin Zhang contributed equally to this work and should be considered the co-first authors.

Jian Yu and Jie Guo contributed equally to this work and should be considered the co-corresponding authors.

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Nie, X., Zhang, X., Liu, Y. et al. Evaluation of palate-related factors of the effectiveness of microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion in late adolescents and adults. Clin Oral Invest 27, 3531–3544 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-04967-7

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