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Frequency and characterization of potential drug interactions in dentistry—a cross-sectional study

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Abstract

Aim

This study aimed to identify medications taken by patients before dental appointments and to simulate and characterize their interactions with medications often prescribed by dental surgeons.

Materials and methods

A retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated 320 medical records, 118 from the Emergency Service (ES) archives, and 202 from elective appointments at the Dental Clinic (DC) of a university in southern Brazil. Drug interactions were identified and classified according to severity using the Medscape® application into four grades: (1) Minor, (2) Monitor closely, (3) Serious, or (4) Contraindicated. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were carried out (α = 5%).

Results

Preexisting systemic conditions were noted in 55.9% of the medical records from the ES and 64.35% from the DC. In the ES records, 47.45% contained information on continuous use medication for treatment of systemic conditions and 59.40% of DC records contained such information. A total of 359 potential interactions were found. Drug interactions with analgesics were most frequent, accounting for 50.41% of the sample.

Conclusions

The most prevalent drug interaction severity was grade 2: monitor or use with caution. Many patients take medications to treat systemic conditions and seek dental care, generating a significant possible source of drug interactions.

Clinical relevance

Prescribers must carefully analyze the patients’ medical histories and obtain accurate data regarding their use of medications to be able to assess the risk–benefit relationships of possible combinations.

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Funding

R.A. Arcanjo has received research grant from FAPERGS – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Private Practice in Dentistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Marcelo Lehnen Rodrigues de Oliveira

  2. Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Gabriela Oltramari Nery & Thalía Tessaro Torresan

  3. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Rafaela Alves Arcanjo

  4. Departamento de Odontologia Conservadora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira

  5. Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, RS, 90035–003, Bairro Santana, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Francisco Montagner

Authors
  1. Marcelo Lehnen Rodrigues de Oliveira
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  2. Gabriela Oltramari Nery
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  3. Thalía Tessaro Torresan
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  4. Rafaela Alves Arcanjo
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  5. Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira
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  6. Francisco Montagner
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francisco Montagner.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

The study was approved by the Dentistry Research Committee (COMPESQ-ODO) (Protocol Number 35066) and by the Research Ethics Committee (Protocol CAAE 89135718.0.0000.5347).

Informed consent

The researchers were allowed to collect the retrospective data without having to ask participants for their individual consent. Researchers were careful to not share (or take notes) about the patient’s records. In addition to that, as the data will be analyzed and presented in groups (and not individually), this would prevent patients’ identification and secure their anonymity. Therefore, individual informed consents were not required.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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de Oliveira, M.L.R., Nery, G.O., Torresan, T.T. et al. Frequency and characterization of potential drug interactions in dentistry—a cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Invest 26, 6829–6837 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04644-1

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