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Increased prevalence of celiac disease in patients with oral lichen planus

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in patients with erosive and reticular form of oral lichen planus (OLP) compared to healthy controls.

Materials and methods

Tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-tTG) and antibodies against gliadin (AGA) were measured in the sera from 56 OLP patients and 57 healthy controls, who also underwent human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing. The duodenal biopsy was performed in patients with positive serology, and a gluten-free diet was recommended if CD was confirmed.

Results

CD was diagnosed in eight OLP patients (14.29 %). Six OLP patients (10.71 %) were positive for immunoglobulin A (IgA) tTG. A statistically significant difference among the forms of oral lichen was observed for the IgA tTG (p = 0.03) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) tTG (p = 0.01). Higher frequencies of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 were found in OLP patients compared to the control group.

Conclusion

The prevalence of CD was higher in patients with OLP than in the control group. Therefore, increased efforts aimed at the early detection and dietary treatment of CD, among antibody-positive OLP patients, are advisable.

Clinical relevance

Our study confirmed the increased frequency of CD among OLP patients. CD screening should be considered in OLP patients, since untreated CD can present many complications and reduce a patient’s quality of life.

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Acknowledgments

All the authors have declared that none of them has potential competing interests and they have not received any financial support for the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia

    Livia Cigic, Lidia Gavic & Dolores Biocina-Lukenda

  2. Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinic of Split, Split, Croatia

    Miroslav Simunic & Zarko Ardalic

Authors
  1. Livia Cigic
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  2. Lidia Gavic
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  3. Miroslav Simunic
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  4. Zarko Ardalic
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  5. Dolores Biocina-Lukenda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dolores Biocina-Lukenda.

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Cigic, L., Gavic, L., Simunic, M. et al. Increased prevalence of celiac disease in patients with oral lichen planus. Clin Oral Invest 19, 627–635 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1288-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1288-0

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