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Reusable graphite-based electrochemical sensors for L-dopa and dopamine detection

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Abstract

A fully reusable electrochemical device is proposed for the first time made from laser cutting and a homemade conductive ink composed of carbon and nail polish. As a sensor substrate, we applied polymethyl methacrylate, which allows the surface to be renewed by simply removing and reapplying a new layer of ink. In addition to the ease of renewing the sensor’s conductive surface, the design of the device has allowed for the integration of different forms of analysis. The determination of L-Dopa was performed using DPV, which presented a linear response range between 5.0 and 1000.0 μmol L−1, and a LOD of 0.11 μmol L−1. For dopamine, a flow injection analysis system was employed, and using the amperometric technique measurements were performed with a linear ranging from 2.0 to 100.0 μmol L−1 and a LOD of 0.26 μmol L−1. To demonstrate its applicability, the device was used in the quantification of analytes in pharmaceutical drug and synthetic urine samples.

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The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Brazilian funding agencies FAPESP (2017/21097-3), CAPES-Brazil—Finance Code 001, and CNPq (301796/2022-0).

Funding

This research was funded by FAPESP (2017/21097–3), CAPES (Finance Code 001), and CNPq (301796/2022–0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Sensors, Nanomedicine and Nanostructured Materials, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, 13600-970, Brazil

    Rodrigo Vieira Blasques, Jéssica Santos Stefano, Vinicius Aparecido Oliani Pedro da Silva & Bruno Campos Janegitz

  2. Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Sorocaba, 18052-780, Brazil

    Rodrigo Vieira Blasques

  3. Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Laís Canniatti Brazaca

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  1. Rodrigo Vieira Blasques
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  2. Jéssica Santos Stefano
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Contributions

Rodrigo V. Blasques: Investigation, Methodology, Data curation, Writing—original draft. Jéssica S. Stefano: Investigation, Conceptualization, Validation, Data curation, Writing—review & editing. Vinicius A. O. P. da Silva: Conceptualization, Validation, Data curation, Writing—review & editing. Laís C. Brazaca: Conceptualization, Validation, Writing—review & editing. Bruno C. Janegitz: Conceptualization, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Resources, Funding acquisition, Writing—review & editing.

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Correspondence to Laís Canniatti Brazaca or Bruno Campos Janegitz.

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Blasques, R.V., Stefano, J.S., da Silva, V.A.O.P. et al. Reusable graphite-based electrochemical sensors for L-dopa and dopamine detection. Microchim Acta 191, 197 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-024-06271-x

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