Skip to main content
Log in

A magnetic multifunctional dendrimeric coating on a steel fiber for solid phase microextraction of chlorophenols

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Microchimica Acta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A polyamidoamine dendrimer was synthesized, placed on magnetite nanoparticles, and the resulting material was then employed as a fiber coating for use in solid phase microextraction of chlorophenols. The polyamidoamine was expected to be an efficient extracting medium due to the presence of multipolar groups and its inner porosity. A thin stainless steel wire was coated with the dendritic polyamidoamine polymer via electrolysis and chemical reactions. The coated fiber was investigated in terms of headspace solid phase microextraction of chlorophenols from aqueous samples followed by GC-MS quantitation. The calibration plots are linear in the 2–1000 ng⋅L−1 chlorophenol concentration ranges. The LOD values (for an S/N ratio of 3) are between 0.6 and 10 ng⋅L−1. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for spiked distilled water samples (for n = 3) are <7% at a level of 100 ng⋅L−1. The RSDs for fiber to fiber variations at the same concentration are <9%. The method was applied to spiked tap water, well water and Caspian Sea water samples. Relative recoveries are between 80 and 97%. The method shows good repeatability, sensitivity, long operational lifetime, and the fibers are physically stable.

Schematic presentation of a polyamidoamine dendrimer with multipolar groups and highly inner porosity. It was placed on magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) and employed for headspace solid phase microextraction of chlorophenols.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zeng F, Zimmerman SC (1997) Dendrimers in supramolecular chemistry: from molecular recognition to self-assembly. Chem Rev 97:1681–1712

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Astruc D, Boisselier E, Ornelas C (2010) Dendrimers designed for functions: from physical, photophysical, and supramolecular properties to applications in sensing, catalysis, molecular electronics, photonics, and nanomedicine. Chem Rev 110:1857–1959

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Soleyman R, Adeli M (2015) Impact of dendritic polymers on nanomaterials. Polym Chem 6:10–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Pourjavadi A, Hosseini SH, Hosseini ST, Aghayeemeibody SA (2012) Magnetic nanoparticles coated by acidic functionalized poly (amidoamine) dendrimer: effective acidic organocatalyst. Catal Commun 28:86–89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Choi Y, Thomas T, Kotlyar A, Islam MT, Baker JR Jr (2005) Synthesis and functional evaluation of DNA-assembled polyamidoamine dendrimer clusters for cancer cell-specific targeting. Chem Biol 12:35–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Nanjwade BK, Bechra HM, Derkar GK, Manvi FV, Nanjwade VK (2009) Dendrimers: emerging polymers for drug-delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Sci 38:185–196

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Khandare J, Calderón M (2015) Dendritic polymers for smart drug delivery applications. Nanoscale 7:3806–3807

  8. Wu L, Ficker M, Christensen JB, Trohopoulos PN, Moghimi SM (2015) Dendrimers in medicine: therapeutic concepts and pharmaceutical challenges. Bioconjugate Chem 26(7):1198–1211 

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sharma A, Kakkar A (2015) Designing dendrimer and miktoarm polymer based multi-tasking nanocarriers for efficient medical therapy. Molecules 20(9):16987–17015 

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Kobayashi A, Yokoyama Y, Osawa Y, Miura R, Mizunuma H (2016) Gene therapy for ovarian cancer using carbonyl reductase 1 DNA with a polyamidoamine dendrimer in mouse models. Cancer Gene Ther 23:24–28

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Myung JH, Roengvoraphoj M, Tam KA, Ma T, Memoli VA, Dmitrovsky E, Freemantle SJ, Hong S (2015) Effective capture of circulating tumor cells from a transgenic mouse lung cancer model using dendrimer surfaces immobilized with anti-EGFR. Anal Chem 87:10096–10102

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Ricciardi R, Huskens J, Verboom W (2015) Dendrimer-encapsulated Pd nanoparticles as catalysts for C–C cross-couplings in flow microreactors. Org Biomol Chem 13:4953–4959

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ning D, Zhang H, Zheng J (2014) Electrochemical sensor for sensitive determination of nitrite based on the PAMAM dendrimer-stabilized silver nanoparticles. J Electroanal Chem 18:29–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Yin H, Zhou Y, Cui L, Liu T, Ju P, Zhu L, Ai S (2011) Sensitive voltammetric determination of rutin in pharmaceuticals, human serum, and traditional Chinese medicines using a glassy carbon electrode coated with graphene nanosheets, chitosan, and a poly (amido amine) dendrimer. Microchim Acta 173:337–345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. de Jong ER, Deloch N, Knoll W, Turrin CO, Majoral J, Caminade AM, Koper I (2015) Synthesis and characterization of bifunctional dendrimers: preliminary use for the coating of gold surfaces and the proliferation of human osteoblasts (HOB). New J Chem 39:7194–7205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kouketsu T, Duan S, Kai T, Kazama S, Yamada K (2007) PAMAM dendrimer composite membrane for CO2 separation: formation of a chitosan gutter layer. J Membr Sci 287(1):51–59

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Divsar F, Nomani A, Chaloosi M, Haririan I (2009) Synthesis and characterization of gold nanocomposites with modified and intact polyamidoamine dendrimers. Microchim Acta 165:421–426

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lin Y, Dai H, Xu G, Yang T, Yang C, Tong Y, Yang Y, Chen G (2013) Enhanced luminol electrochemiluminescence triggered by an electrode functionalized with dendrimers modified with titanate nanotubes. Microchim Acta 180:563–572

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Bagheri H, Roostaie A (2014) Electrospun modified silica-polyamide nanocomposite as a novel fiber coating. J Chromatogr A 1324:11–20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fiamegos YC, Nanos CG, Pilidis GA, Stalikas CD (2003) Phase-transfer catalytic determination of phenols as methylated derivatives by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass-selective detection. J Chromatogr A 983:215–223

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Sun Y, Zhang WY, Xing J, Wang CM (2011) Solid-phase microfibers based on modified single-walled carbon nanotubes for extraction of chlorophenols and organochlorine pesticides. Microchim Acta 173:223–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Abolghasemi MM, Yousefi V, Piryaei M (2015) Fabrication of a hierarchical dodecyl sulfate-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite on porous aluminum wire as an efficient coating for solid-phase microextraction of phenols. Microchim Acta 182:1177–1186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Aziz-Zanjani MO, Mehdinia A (2014) A review on procedures for the preparation of coatings for solid phase microextraction. Microchim Acta 181:1169–1190

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Pourjavadi A, Hosseini SH, Alizadeh M, Bennett C (2014) Magnetic pH-responsive nanocarrier with long spacer length and high colloidal stability for controlled delivery of doxorubicin. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces 116:49–54

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Breton T, Bélanger D (2008) Modification of carbon electrode with aryl groups having an aliphatic amine by electrochemical reduction of in situ generated diazonium cations. Langmuir 24:8711–8718

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Marulanda J (2011) Carbon nanotubes applications on electron devices. InTech, Croatia

    Book  Google Scholar 

  27. Bagheri H, Bayat P, Piri-Moghadam H (2013) Grafting the sol-gel based sorbents by diazonium salts: a novel approach towards unbreakable capillary microextraction. J Chromatogr A 1318:58–64

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Montalbetti C, Falque V (2005) Amide bond formation and peptide coupling. Tetrahedron 61:10827–10852

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Carey F, Giuliano R (2011) Organic chemistry. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  30. Bourque SC, Maltais F, Xiao W, Tardif O, Alper H, Arya P, Manzer LE (1999) Hydroformylation reactions with rhodium-complexed dendrimers on silica. J Am Chem Soc 121:3035–3038

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Bagheri H, Aghakhani A, Baghernejad M, Akbarinejad A (2012) Novel polyamide-based nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technique for headspace solid-phase microextraction of phenol and chlorophenols from environmental samples. Anal Chim Acta 716:34–39

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Bagheri H, Najarzadekan H, Roostaie A (2014) Electrospun polyamide-polyethylene glycol nanofibers for headspace solid-phase microextration. J Sep Sci 37:1880–1886

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Abolghasemi MM, Yousefi V, Piryaei M (2015) Synthesis of carbon nanotube/layered double hydroxide nanocomposite as a novel fiber coating for the headspace solid-phase microextraction of phenols from water samples. J Sep Sci 38:1344–1350

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Abolghasemi MM, Parastari S, Yousefi V (2016) A nanoporous anodized alumina wire with a nanosized hydroxyapatite coating for headspace solid-phase microextraction of phenol and chlorophenols. Microchim Acta 183:241–247

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The Research Council (Grant number G940603) and Graduates School of Sharif University of Technology (SUT) are acknowledged for supporting this project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Habib Bagheri.

Ethics declarations

The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.

Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

(DOC 253 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bagheri, H., Manouchehri, M. & Allahdadlalouni, M. A magnetic multifunctional dendrimeric coating on a steel fiber for solid phase microextraction of chlorophenols. Microchim Acta 184, 2201–2209 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2220-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2220-5

Keywords

Navigation