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Comparison of Blast-Induced Damage Between Presplit and Smooth Blasting of High Rock Slope

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Abstract

This paper focuses on the comparison of damage induced by smooth blasting and presplit blasting based on the excavation of high rock slope. The whole damage process of the smooth blasting and presplit blasting excavation method is studied by using a cumulative blasting damage numerical simulation technology based on the secondary development of the dynamic finite element code LS-DYNA. The results demonstrate that, in the case of contour blasting with the method of smooth blasting, the total damage of rock slope is a result of cumulated damage induced by the production hole, buffering hole, and smooth hole. Among the total damage, the blasting of the production hole is the main resource, followed by the smooth and buffering holes. For the presplit blasting, the final damage of rock slope is mainly induced by presplit blasting itself. The spatial distribution characteristics of the final damage zone of two methods are compared. Two classes of damage zone could be found in smooth blasting excavation; one of them is the columnar high-degree damage zone around the slope surface and the other is the low-degree damage zone located in the middle of the slope. But in the case of presplit blasting, there is only the columnar high-degree damage zone around the slope surface. Finally, a damage control suggestion for two blasting excavation methods is proposed and verified based on the excavation of the temporary shiplock slopes of the Three Gorges Project in China.

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Abbreviations

\( \lambda \) :

Sensitivity constant

D C :

Compressive damage symbol

\( D \) :

Damage symbol

\( \rho \) :

Density

\( s_{ij} \) :

Deviatoric stress tensor

a :

Average crack radius

\( k \) :

Material constant

\( \beta \) :

Material constant

\( \overline{\mu } \) :

Poisson’s ratio for damaged material

\( \mu \) :

Poisson’s ratio for undamaged material

\( \varepsilon_{ij}^{\text{p}} \) :

Plastic strain tensor

\( \overline{G} \) :

Shear modulus for damaged material

\( \sigma_{ij} \) :

Stress tensor

\( D_{\text{t}} \) :

Tensile damage symbol

\( C \) :

Longitudinal wave velocity

\( \varepsilon_{\text{v}} \) :

Volumetric tensile strain

\( {{\Uplambda}} \) :

von Mises equivalent stress

\( \sigma_{\text{y}} \) :

Yield stress

\( C_{\text{d}} \) :

Crack density parameter

\( K_{\text{IC}} \) :

Fracture toughness of the material

\( m \) :

Material constant

\( W_{\text{p}} \) :

Plastic work

\( \dot{\varepsilon }_{{{\text{v}}\hbox{max} }} \) :

Maximum volumetric tensile strain rate

\( \overline{K} \) :

Bulk modulus for damaged material

\( K \) :

Bulk modulus for undamaged material

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by the Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development (973 Program) (2011CB013501), Chinese National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (51125037), Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (50909077 and 51179138), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2012206020205). The authors wish to express their thanks to all the supporters.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, WuHan University, WuHan, 430072, People’s Republic of China

    Yingguo Hu, Wenbo Lu, Ming Chen, Peng Yan & Jianhua Yang

  2. Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering, Ministry of Education, WuHan University, WuHan, 430072, People’s Republic of China

    Yingguo Hu, Wenbo Lu, Ming Chen, Peng Yan & Jianhua Yang

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  1. Yingguo Hu
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Correspondence to Wenbo Lu.

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Hu, Y., Lu, W., Chen, M. et al. Comparison of Blast-Induced Damage Between Presplit and Smooth Blasting of High Rock Slope. Rock Mech Rock Eng 47, 1307–1320 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0475-7

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