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Clinical pathology and health reference values for loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) and olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) in the Gulf of Ulloa, Baja California Sur, Mexico

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Abstract

Anthropogenic impact and environmental threats can cause diseases to marine turtles and in severe cases death, contributing to population decline worldwide. The Gulf of Ulloa (GU) represents an important foraging habitat for loggerhead sea turtles and olive ridley turtles; it is also considered a highly productive area for fisheries and is known for the mortality of marine turtles, which has been associated to bycatch. However, there is little information in the area regarding the health status of marine turtles; thus, the aims of this study were to (1) assess the health of marine turtles via physical examination, (2) generate their vital signs, (3) determine their hematological values, and (4) describe blood cell characteristics and its relationship with functional damage which can affect the organism’s systems. Clinical examinations were performed; complete blood count, clinical biochemistry, and clinicopathological evaluations were made, and their relationships with the functioning of the organism’s systems were described. With the sequential integration of medical and clinicopathological analysis, 56 loggerhead sea turtles and 16 olive ridley turtles from the GU were diagnosed as healthy. These pathological analyses are essential to evaluate marine turtles’ health, as well as to evaluate the health status of free-ranging populations, and have important applications for treatment and rehabilitation of sick and injured marine turtles. The baseline generated in this research provides information that can be taken as a reference for future research and used to generate management plans and conservation strategies for the organisms and for the ecosystem, together with the authorities.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Juan Manuel López-Vivas from the Marine Botany laboratory from the UABCS and Jorge Armando Vega-Bravo, Yoalli Hernández Gill, Ana Sofía Merino-Zavala, and Valeria Lucero Silva from the UABCS for their help during fieldwork. Finally, we also thank Captains Fernándo Romero Romero and Aarón Romero Romero from Puerto Adolfo López Mateos and Miguel Angel Ramírez Mercado, Daniel Porras, and Rogelio Ojeda Pimentel from Procuraduria Federal de Protección al Ambiente (PROFEPA - SEMARNAT) for their assistance and fieldwork support.

Funding

We thank Proyectos Procer 2016 “Condición y Distribución de las tortugas marinas del Golfo de Ulloa y Playa San Lázaro BCS” (OFICIO. E.No.F00.DRPBCPN/696/2016) from Programa de Conservación de Especies en Riesgo (PROCER) of the Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP) for funding this research and for their assistance during field work.

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  1. Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (UABCS), Carretera al Sur KM 5.5., Apartado Postal 19-B, 23080, La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico

    Eduardo Reséndiz & María Mónica Lara-Uc

  2. Proyecto Salud de Tortugas Marinas – UABCS, Carretera al Sur KM 5.5., Apartado Postal 19-B, 23080, La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico

    Eduardo Reséndiz, Helena Fernández-Sanz, Dulce Sofía Barrientos-Torres & María Mónica Lara-Uc

  3. Alianza Keloni A.C., Antonio Rosales 698, Col. Centro, 23000, La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico

    Eduardo Reséndiz, Helena Fernández-Sanz, Dulce Sofía Barrientos-Torres & María Mónica Lara-Uc

  4. Posgrado en Ciencias Marinas y Costeras (CIMACO) UABCS, Carretera al Sur KM 5.5., Apartado Postal 19-B, 23080, La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico

    Helena Fernández-Sanz & Dulce Sofía Barrientos-Torres

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  1. Eduardo Reséndiz
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  3. Dulce Sofía Barrientos-Torres
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Reséndiz, E., Fernández-Sanz, H., Barrientos-Torres, D.S. et al. Clinical pathology and health reference values for loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) and olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) in the Gulf of Ulloa, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Comp Clin Pathol 28, 1637–1650 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-019-02985-0

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