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The AD-type ectomycorrhizas, one of the most common morphotypes present in truffle fields, result from fungi belonging to the Trichophaea woolhopeia species complex

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Abstract

Belowground ectomycorrhizal communities are often species rich. Characterization of the ectomycorrhizas (ECMs) underneath native truffle areas and/or cultivation sites is particularly relevant to identifying fungal species that might interfere with or promote truffle propagation and fruiting. Fungal identification at the genus/species level can now be achieved by combining detailed morphological and anatomical descriptions with molecular approaches. In a survey of the mycorrhizal biodiversity of Tuber melanosporum orchards and inoculated host plants in nurseries, we repeatedly sampled ECMs with morphological features resembling those of the ECMs widely known as the AD type. Despite the fact that the AD type is regarded as one of the most competitive fungal species towards Tuber spp., its taxonomical rank has yet to be resolved. By analyzing the 28S and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA regions, here, we show that AD-type ECMs result from host plant colonization by the pyronemataceous species Trichophaea woolhopeia. Further to this, the 28S and ITS phylogenetic trees built from the AD-type ECMs analyzed sustain the hypothesis that T. woolhopeia is a species complex.

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Acknowledgements

This study was partially founded by Regione Lazio (PRAL 2003–2005), Regione Umbria, and the Italian Ministry for the Environment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Research Council, Plant Genetics Institute, Perugia Division, Via Madonna Alta 130, 06128, Perugia, Italy

    Andrea Rubini, Beatrice Belfiori, Valentina Passeri, Sergio Arcioni, Claudia Riccioni & Francesco Paolocci

  2. Department of Applied Biology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121, Perugia, Italy

    Leonardo Baciarelli Falini

Authors
  1. Andrea Rubini
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  2. Beatrice Belfiori
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  3. Valentina Passeri
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  4. Leonardo Baciarelli Falini
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  5. Sergio Arcioni
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  6. Claudia Riccioni
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  7. Francesco Paolocci
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francesco Paolocci.

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Fig. S1

Multiple sequence alignment of the large subunit region. (DOC 61 kb)

Fig. S2

Multiple sequence alignment of the internal transcribed spacer region. (DOC 61 kb)

Fig. S3

Neighbor-joining tree based on large subunit sequences from AD-type samples and other Pyronemataceae. Numbers near the branches represent the bootstrap values (1,000 replicates). The sequences from AD-type samples obtained in this study are given in bold. (DOC 240 kb)

Fig. S4

Maximum-likelihood tree based on large subunit sequences from AD-type samples and other Pyronemataceae. Numbers near the branches represent the bootstrap values (1,000 replicates). The sequences from AD-type samples obtained in this study are given in bold. (DOC 241 kb)

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Rubini, A., Belfiori, B., Passeri, V. et al. The AD-type ectomycorrhizas, one of the most common morphotypes present in truffle fields, result from fungi belonging to the Trichophaea woolhopeia species complex. Mycorrhiza 21, 17–25 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-010-0308-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-010-0308-4

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