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Associations between ondansetron and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and food intake in Japanese female undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery: a retrospective study

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Abstract

Purpose

Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is important to achieve DREAM (drinking, eating, mobilization). Ondansetron inhibits PONV, but its effects on postoperative food intake have not been investigated. This study aimed to examine associations between ondansetron and PONV incidence, and postoperative food intake.

Methods

This retrospective study included adult patients (n = 632) who underwent laparoscopic gynecological surgery at Kyushu University Hospital between January 2017 and June 2023. Outcomes were PONV on the day of surgery, PONV up to the day after surgery, and food intake, which was assessed for breakfast and lunch on the day after surgery. Odds ratios (ORs) for PONV incidence and postoperative no-food intake were calculated between those with and without ondansetron during surgery. Multivariable-adjusted analysis was performed using possible confounding factors for PONV. Synergistic effects of combining ondansetron with dexamethasone or total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) were assessed.

Results

Multivariable-adjusted ORs for PONV on the day of surgery and up to the day after surgery were 0.56 (95% confidence interval, 0.32–0.99, p = 0.04) and 0.52 (0.30–0.93, p = 0.03), respectively, in the ondansetron group (n = 84) compared with the non-ondansetron group (n = 548). In contrast, multivariable-adjusted ORs for no-food intake of breakfast and lunch the day after surgery in the ondansetron group compared with the non-ondansetron group were not significant. Analysis of synergistic effects on PONV showed no significant interaction between ondansetron and dexamethasone or ondansetron and TIVA combinations.

Conclusion

Ondansetron administration during surgery was significantly associated with decreased PONV risk but was not associated with food intake the day after surgery.

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Data availability

The data generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available within the manuscript and its supplementary file.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express our deepest appreciation to Mrs. Yoko Kondo, who works at the Kyushu University Hospital, for her assistance in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Operating Rooms, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan

    Kazuhiro Shirozu & Sayuri Takase

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Asakura Medical Association Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

    Kaoru Umehara

  3. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

    Shinnosuke Takamori

  4. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Ken Yamaura

Authors
  1. Kazuhiro Shirozu
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  2. Kaoru Umehara
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  3. Shinnosuke Takamori
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  4. Sayuri Takase
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  5. Ken Yamaura
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Contributions

KS: methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. ST, ST and KU: data curation, data analysis, and writing—review. KY: writing—review and editing, supervision.

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Correspondence to Kazuhiro Shirozu.

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Shirozu, K., Umehara, K., Takamori, S. et al. Associations between ondansetron and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and food intake in Japanese female undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery: a retrospective study. J Anesth 38, 185–190 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-023-03295-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-023-03295-0

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